Effect of Fuel on the Regulated, Unregulated and Mutagenic Emissions of DI Diesel Engines

Rantanen, Leena; Mikkonen, Seppo; Nylund, L.; Kociba, Pirkko; Lappi, Maija; Nylund, Nils-Olof

doi:10.4271/932686

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…On the other hand, available data for unregulated emissions and particle size characterization are still scarce for biodiesel, with only a few studies already done. [109][110][111] Experiments conducted by Schumacher and Borgelt 112 running on 100% biodiesel in a pickup, have shown increases of 13% in NO x while PM decreased in 20%, compared to pure diesel. Similar results were found by Chang et al, 113 using blends of diesel with methyl and isopropyl esters of soybean oil.…”

Section: Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel: an overview

Pinto¹,

Guarieiro²,

Rezende³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

729

344

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A importância da produção de biodiesel, nos últimos cinco anos, é apresentada a partir de artigos científicos publicados e patentes depositadas. Foi realizada uma análise crítica sobre as fontes oleaginosas mais utilizadas como matéria-prima para produção de biodiesel, os catalisadores e os métodos de acompanhamento da reação de transesterificação. Também foram avaliados estudos comparativos entre emissões de diesel fossil e misturas, em várias proporções, com biodiesel. Finalmente, foram indicados desafios enfocando aspectos tecnológicos, agronômicos e de infraestrutura para produção de biodiesel.The importance of biodiesel production was analyzed based on scientific articles and patents. A critical analysis was presented on the most used oil sources, the catalysts and the methods to verify the transesterification yields. Also analyzed were the comparative studies on emissions from pure fossil diesel and mixtures with biodiesel in variable proportions. Finally some challenges and considerations focused on technological, agronomic and infrastructure aspects of biodiesel production were indicated.

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Section: Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel: an overview

Pinto¹,

Guarieiro²,

Rezende³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

729

344

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“…The success of Diesel engines as compared to gasoline ones is based on their higher thermal ef®ciency, lower carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions and longer life of the engine. Diesel fuels have always been unleaded, but particulate emissions carrying carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds [polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitroarenes, (nitro-PAH)] [3,4] and NO x emissions are the unfavourable aspects of Diesel engines. The particulate emissions from a Diesel engine are about ten times those of a gasoline engine of comparable power [1,5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Element Determination in Diesel Particulates by Total-Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

Vilhunen¹,

Bohlen²,

Schmeling³

et al. 1999

Mikrochim Acta

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Particulate matter of Diesel emissions collected from diluted exhaust during standard test runs with two Diesel fuels of different sulfur content was analysed by total-re¯ection X-ray¯uorescence (TXRF). The trace elements determined were S, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. Additionally, some ®lter materials were tested with respect to their applicability for sample collection. Quartz ®bre ®lters were found to be most suitable, both from a technical and a chemical point of view. A clear reduction of total particulate emissions during the whole test was observed when the fuel with very low sulfur content was used. In addition, it was found that the wear metal content of particulate matter emitted by a cold engine was higher than that observed during normal engine working temperature.

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“…Heating diesel is cheaper than the automotive diesel and it is coloured red. It has furfural as a chemical marker at a proportion of 20 mg/l and contains sulphur up to 2000 ppm (Greek Government Gazette 153/B/1992, 1992Greek Government Gazette 496/B/1993, 1993. Marine diesel is also cheaper than the automotive diesel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major reduction in emissions can be achieved by modifying the engines, by using devices such as oxidation catalysts and particulate "lters, and by employing techniques such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Diesel fuel reformulation with emphasis on ultra-low sulphur content can also improve the air quality and will be used extensively in the present vehicle population (Rantanen et al, 1993Mikkonen et al, 1995). Until December 1999, the limit of sulphur in diesel fuel was 500 ppm (EN-590, European Commission, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of the automotive diesel quality in the Athens area

Kalligeros

Zannikos

Stournas

et al. 2001

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYOne of the most fuel-e$cient engines available is the diesel engine. It is the engine of choice for the commercial and heavy-duty transportation industry. Increasingly stringent legislated exhaust emission levels are driving improvements in both engine technology and fuel quality around the world. This paper presents the results of a survey in automotive diesel samples obtained from service stations in the Athens area. For this purpose 112 fuel samples were randomly collected from several service stations during the period from April 1998 until June 1999. These samples are representative of the automotive diesel distributed in the Athens area from all the oil companies operating in Greece. The laboratory examination involved the analysis both for any adulteration with the cheaper domestic heating diesel or marine diesel, and for some key properties of the automotive diesel. The ASTM standard methods were applied for the determination of the sulphur and nitrogen content, the density at 153C, the Cetane index, the kinematic viscosity at 403C and the distillation properties of initial boiling point of the fuel (IBP), 10 per cent volume of the fuel (D ), 50 per cent volume of the fuel (D ), 90 per cent volume of the fuel (D ) and the "nal boiling point (FBP). The results indicate that there is a large #uctuation in the fuel properties among the oil marketers. Forty-six samples were found to be adultered with the cheaper diesel (domestic heating or marine diesel fuel) during the sampling period. This means that more than 40 per cent of the automotive diesel distributed in Athens, su!ers from some degree of adulteration. One sample was found to be outside the current speci"cations of density maybe due to contamination with white spirit. The fuel adulteration problem is associated with environmental pollution, problems in engine performance and tax losses. It is a common problem not only to the European countries but practically for every nation in the world. The European Union expressed recently its concern on this issue, mandating that by the year 2002 all the member states will promote the development of a uniform system for fuel quality monitoring.

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Effect of Fuel on the Regulated, Unregulated and Mutagenic Emissions of DI Diesel Engines

Cited by 38 publications

References 13 publications

Biodiesel: an overview

Biodiesel: an overview

Trace Element Determination in Diesel Particulates by Total-Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

A survey of the automotive diesel quality in the Athens area

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