Effect of four medicinal plants on Amyloid-β induced neurotoxicity in SHSY5Y cells

Abstract

Amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder. This study was designed to determine the effect of four medicinal plants used to treat neurodegenerative diseases on Aβ-induced cell death. Cytotoxicity of the ethanol extracts of the plants was determined against SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma) cells which were untreated, as well as toxically induced with Aβ, using the MTT and neutral red uptake assays. Cell viability was reduced to 16% when exposed to 20 μM Aβ 25-35 for 72 h. The methanol extract of the roots of Ziziphus mucronata Willd., Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. and Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC., were the least toxic to the SH-SY5Ycells at the highest concentration tested (100 μg/ml). All four plants tested were observed to reduce the effects of Aβ-induced neuronal cell death, indicating that they may contain compounds which may be relevant in the prevention of AD progression.

In Vitro Anti-diabetic Activity of Sclerocarya Birrea and Ziziphus Mucronata

“…The results from the present study could point to some selective toxicity to hepatocytes and β-cells, but this needs to be confirmed. Similar findings of low toxicity (> 100 µg/mL) are supported by other in vitro studies, where the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line and the brine shrimp lethality tests were used [20,21]. Methanol extracts of the roots of Z. mucronata (100 µg/mL) have been reported to decrease cell viability by  25% in HeLa (cervival carcinoma), HT29 (colon adenocarcinoma) and A431 (skin carcinoma) cells [22].…”

Inhibitory potentials and kinetics of the inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes by the pod and seed extracts of Lessertia montana (Fabaceae) E. Phillips & R.A. Dyer

“…HepG2 and RIN-m5F cells, suggesting potential selective toxicity for cells of a liver and pancreatic β-islet origin, however, this needs to be confirmed by other researchers. Similar findings of low toxicity (> 100 µg/ml) are reported by other in vitro studies, where the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line and the brine shrimp lethality test were used205,209 . Methanol extracts of the roots of Z. mucronata have been reported to maintain cell viability at 75% in the HeLa (cervival carcinoma), HT29 (colon adenocarcinoma) and A431 (skin carcinoma) cell lines when exposed to 100 µg/ml210 .…”

Ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of <i>Crinum bulbispermum</i> (Burm f) Milne-Redh and Schweick (Amaryllidaceae)

“…Contrary to this, the methanol extract produced an LC 50 value of 46.18 ± 0.91 μg/mL. Adewusi et al [40] evaluated cytotoxicity of C. bulbispermum ethanol extracts against SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma) cells as well as toxically induced with Aβ, using the MTT and neutral red uptake assays. The extracts of the root and bulb of C. bulbispermum were the most toxic with IC 50 values < 50 μg/mL in both assays.…”

“…Some of the listed pharmacological activities may not relate directly to the ethnomedicinal uses of C. bulbispermum, but may provide some insight into its potential therapeutic value and bioactive properties. A wide range of biological activities have been reported including antimicrobial [36], antinociceptive [37], antiplasmodial [38], antioxidant [37,39], cytotoxicity and anti-apoptotic [24,37,40,41] as well as effects on the central nervous system (CNS) [37].…”

“…Alkaloids are considered the major bioactive components of C. bulbispermum which exhibits various pharmacological effects [24,32,[36][37][38][39][40][41]. Six distinct and structurally diverse isoquinoline alkaloids characteristic of the Amaryllidaceae family [42] Table 3).…”