Effect of formation conditions on biochars: Compositional and structural properties of cellulose, lignin, and pine biochars

Rutherford, David W.; Wershaw, Robert L.; Rostad, Colleen E.; Kelly, Charlene N.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.06.026

Cited by 144 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Yielding capacity and consecutive weight loss: The yielding capacity of biochars greatly varied depending on the feedstock type because a feedstock material typically comprises labile and recalcitrant oxygen and hydrogen containing fractions (Rutherford et al 2013), the earlier one is rapidly lost after the initial heating which causes the massive weight loss of feedstock. The corn cob is the only feedstock that converted more than 50% of its mass to biochar allowing it to yield highest.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical properties and nutrient content of some slow pyrolysis biochars produced from different feedstocks

Piash

Hossain

Parveen

2017

Bangladesh J. Sci. Res.

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Six slow pyrolysis biochars viz. farmyard manure (FM), water hyacinth (WH), domestic organic waste (DW), quick compost (QC), corn cob (CC) and rice straw (RS) were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. Biochar yielding capacity varied from 34 to 51%, depending on the used feedstock. Water hyacinth biochar exhibited the highest water holding capacity (495%), whereas corn cob biochar had the lowest (146%) regardless of its highest pore volume. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area was found maximum among the plant derived biochars except corn cob. Rice straw biochar exhibited the least mean pore diameter while highest in domestic organic waste. All biochars possessed pH values more than 9. CEC of water hyacinth (WH) was highest, while lowest was in quick compost (QC) biochar. Smallest average particle size (0.54 µm 2 ) was exhibited by water hyacinth biochar. Organic carbon content ranged from 33 to 49%. Nutrient (N, P, K and S) status of biochar produced from domestic organic waste (DW) was found the maximum compared to the rest and corn cob (CC) biochar showed the lowest nutritional value.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical properties and nutrient content of some slow pyrolysis biochars produced from different feedstocks

Piash

Hossain

Parveen

2017

Bangladesh J. Sci. Res.

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“…The aromaticity and degree of aromatic condensation is governed mainly by the highest heat treatment temperature -HTT (Keiluweit et al, 2010;Zimmerman, 2010;McBeath et al, 2011), although other pyrolysis parameters, such as: residence time (Knicker et al, 2005;Melligan et al, 2012;Rutherford et al, 2012); O 2 availability (Ascough et al, 2008); and pressure (Melligan et al, 2011), as well as the precursor biomass (Wiedemeier et al, 2015), can also significantly affect these fundamental chemical properties of biochar. These properties can be assessed by several analytical methods, described and evaluated by Wiedemeier et al (2015): chemical (elemental; BPCA; and lipid analyses); spectroscopic (Infrared; NEXAFS; and 13 C NMR spectroscopies); and physical (helium pycnometry: skeletal density, which is the sample mass divided by its skeletal volume, where skeletal volume is the volume occupied by the solid sample and any pores not accessible to the gas analysis).…”

Section: Characterization Of Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

168

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Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios (Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been carried out and now a vast literature, and excellent reviews, are available. The objective of this paper is therefore to deliver a critical review with some highlights on biochar research, rather than an exhaustive bibliographic review. To this end, some key points considered critical and relevant were selected and the pertinent literature "condensed", with a view to guide future research, rather than analyze trends of the past.

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“…1,11 Wastes from the agricultural industry constitute a relevant renewable source of carbon present mainly in the form of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other substances. 12 The lignocellulosic biomass from the bark of black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild. ), a plant native to Australia cultivated commercially in the Southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, is a good example of this type residue that may be used as adsorbent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Magnetized (Fe3O4 / Biochar Nanocomposites) and Activated Biochar as Adsorbents to Remove Two Neuro-Active Pesticides from Waters

Matos

Schultz

Khan

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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This work describes the removal of pesticides from water using activated and magnetized biochars produced from exhausted husk, and dry tannin from barks of black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.). These materials were characterized using chemical, spectroscopic, thermal, solid structure and surface area techniques. The activated and magnetized biochars were effective in removing the pesticides thiacloprid and thiamethoxam from both ultrapure water and Marcela Water Reservoir, Itabaiana, Sergipe State, Brazil. At the longest time examined, the amounts of thiacloprid and thiamethoxam adsorbed per gram of activated biochar adsorbent were 1.02 and 0.97 mg, respectively, while values of 0.73 mg (thiacloprid) and 0.40 mg (thiamethoxam) were obtained using magnetized biochar. A pseudo-second order model correctly described the kinetics of adsorption of both pesticides (R 2 ≥ 0.922). Desorption experiments revealed that the spent biochars could not be easily regenerated, which indicated that the forces holding the adsorbed fluid molecules to the solid surface were relatively strong.

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Effect of formation conditions on biochars: Compositional and structural properties of cellulose, lignin, and pine biochars

Cited by 144 publications

References 28 publications

Physico-chemical properties and nutrient content of some slow pyrolysis biochars produced from different feedstocks

Physico-chemical properties and nutrient content of some slow pyrolysis biochars produced from different feedstocks

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Using Magnetized (Fe3O4 / Biochar Nanocomposites) and Activated Biochar as Adsorbents to Remove Two Neuro-Active Pesticides from Waters

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