Effect of footwear material wear on slips and falls

Gupta, Shubham; Chatterjee, Subhodip; Chanda, Arnab

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.313

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These variables were measured over the footwear's heel region, measuring up to 50 mm from the posterior point of the heel. The shore hardness, tread geometry, and the 50 mm metric has previously been reported to be adequate in quantifying a footwear's performance in any slipping condition [8,9,11,16,18,25]. The outsole material was polyurethane with a shore A hardness of 60.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The considered angle and length metric has previously been reported be adequate in determining the traction performance during unintentional slips [16, Furthermore, the outsoles were applied with a normal load of 250 N, which has been ported to be the force applied by humans during unintentional slips [8,16,27,28]. The o soles were modeled with a hyperelastic neo-Hookean material to mimic the original fo wear's material (i.e., polyurethane) [18,29]. A contact pair between the outsoles and ground was generated to model the interface.…”

Section: O7 O8 O9mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topographical features (i.e., treads) of the footwear's outsole play an important role in its performance in dry and wet slipping conditions [17]. In a recent study by Gupta et al [18], outsole features such as tread design, area, and orientation have been observed to affect the ACOF drastically. In another study by Yamaguchi et al [19], the effect of the tread characteristics on the ACOF was investigated through the study of the dispersion of excessive fluid through the tread channels during fluid-contaminated sliding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Vertically Treaded Outsoles on Interfacial Fluid Pressure, Mass Flow Rate, and Shoe–Floor Traction during Slips

Gupta

Chatterjee

Chanda

2023

Fluids

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Accidental injuries due to slips and falls are considered serious threats to public safety. Sufficient friction at the footwear and flooring interface is essential to reduce slip-related risks. The presence of slippery fluidic contaminants, such as water, further reduces friction and increases the risks of slip-related accidents drastically. While the effect of floorings and contaminants on footwear traction has been measured extensively across a variety of footwear designs, only a few studies have explored the science of the outsole design and its role in providing sufficient traction. In this work, the tread design of a commonly encountered outsole pattern, i.e., with vertically oriented tread channels, was parametrically altered across its width and gap. Based on the impressions of an original footwear design, nine outsoles were fabricated. The induced fluid pressures, mass flow rates, and traction were quantified by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework and through slip testing experiments. Outsoles that had wide treads with small gaps decreased the overall slipping risk on dry floorings. As compared to the tread area, tread gaps were found to be a dominating parameter in providing adequate shoe–floor traction in wet slipping conditions. The methods, including the outcomes presented in this work, are anticipated to advance the understanding of the science behind footwear friction and help footwear manufacturers optimize outsole designs to reduce slip and fall risks.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: O7 O8 O9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Vertically Treaded Outsoles on Interfacial Fluid Pressure, Mass Flow Rate, and Shoe–Floor Traction during Slips

Gupta

Chatterjee

Chanda

2023

Fluids

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“…Most severe outcomes of sports-related slip injuries include joint dislocation, hip fractures, tissue ruptures, and skull injuries [4][5][6]. To reduce the overall slip risk, adequate shoe-floor traction is required [7][8][9][10][11]. Furthermore, external factors, such as fluid contaminated floorings, are known to increase the risk of slipping [10,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resisting force required to ambulate across different flooring surfaces in barefoot conditions or when wearing shoes is typically quantified by the ratio of shear force to normal force, known as the available coefficient of friction (ACOF) [10,12,14,15]. Several factors have been reported to alter the ACOF, such as presence of contaminants [16], type of flooring, footwear material, and outsole tread geometry [7,10,11,13,[17][18][19]. Thus, to reduce the risk of slip accidents, the quantification of these variables is imperative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Portable Device for Surface Traction Characterization at the Shoe–Floor Interface

et al. 2022

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Slip and fall accidents are widespread in workplaces and on walkways. Slipping is generally initiated by a sudden change in the flooring properties or due to a low available traction at the shoe–floor interface. To measure shoe-floor traction, mechanical slip and fall risk estimation devices are typically employed. However, to date, such existing devices are lab-based, bulky, and are unable to simulate realistic slip biomechanics and measure whole footwear traction in realistic contaminated floorings at the same time. Moreover, these devices are expensive and not available in low- or lower-middle-income countries with limited awareness regarding slip testing. To overcome these challenges, in this work, a biofidelic, portable, and low-cost slip testing device was developed. A strategic three-part subassembly was designed for the application of normal load, slipping speed, and heel strike angle for its modularity. The developed slip tester was extensively tested and validated for its performance using 10 formal footwears and two floorings, under dry and wet conditions. The results indicated that the slip tester was accurate, repeatable, and reliable in differentiating traction measurements across varying combinations of shoes, contaminants, and floorings. The instrumentation performance of the slip tester was found to also capture the differences between different shoe tread patterns in the presence of fluid films. The developed device is anticipated to significantly impact the clinical, industrial, and commercial performance testing of footwear traction in realistic slippery flooring conditions, especially in the low- or middle-income countries.

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Traction Performance of Barefoot Heel Simulant in Contaminated Bathroom Flooring Tiles

Chatterjee,

Gupta,

Chanda

2023

Materials for Biomedical Simulation

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Effect of footwear material wear on slips and falls

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Influence of Vertically Treaded Outsoles on Interfacial Fluid Pressure, Mass Flow Rate, and Shoe–Floor Traction during Slips

Influence of Vertically Treaded Outsoles on Interfacial Fluid Pressure, Mass Flow Rate, and Shoe–Floor Traction during Slips

Development of a Portable Device for Surface Traction Characterization at the Shoe–Floor Interface

Traction Performance of Barefoot Heel Simulant in Contaminated Bathroom Flooring Tiles

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