Effect of food enzymes on utilisation of lupin carbohydrates by broilers

Abstract

1. The effects of 3 commercial enzyme products on the nutritive value of 2 lupin species were investigated with the emphasis on changes in composition of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) along the digestive tract. Enzyme A contained primarily cellulase, beta-glucanase and xylanase activities, enzyme B primarily hemicellulase, pentosanase and xylanase activities, and enzyme C primarily hemicellulase, pectinase and beta-glucanase activities. 2. The enzymes were added to semi-purified diets based on sorghum and casein containing 35% whole seed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius cv Gungurru or Lupinus albus cv Kiev mutant). Control diets contained no lupins. 3. Food conversion ratio (FCR), excreta moisture content and apparent metabolisable energy (AME) were affected by lupin species but not by enzyme supplementation. 4. In diets with L. angustifolius, enzyme C significantly increased digesta viscosity and increased the concentration of soluble NSPs in all sections of the intestine. 5. Digestibility of protein and NSPs in the ileum and microbial fermentation in the ileum and caeca were not affected by adding enzymes to diets containing L. angustifolius. 6. Enzyme addition to diets with L. albus did not affect digesta viscosity nor concentration of soluble NSPs but caused a significantly (P<0.05) reduced concentration of insoluble NSP in the ileum. 7. Enzyme addition to L. albus significantly (P<0.05) increased NSP digestibility in the ileum but had no effects on protein digestibility and fermentation in the ileum and caeca.

Nutritional value of white lupins (Lupinus albus) for broilers: apparent metabolisable energy, apparent ileal amino acid digestibility and production performance

“…The carbohydrate reserves in white lupins were the NSP. White lupins contained 355 to 370 g/kg total NSP, which is in agreement with those reported by Kocher et al (2000). The high contents of soluble NSP (29 to 50 g/kg DM) determined in white lupins can be a concern in poultry nutrition and may have implications for digesta viscosity and nutrient utilisation in birds (Smits and Annison, 1996).…”

Feeding broiler chickens with practical diets containing lupin seeds (<i>L. angustifolius</i> or <i>L. luteus</i>): effects of incorporation level and mannanase supplementation on growth performance, digesta viscosity, microbial fermentation and gut morphology

“…The significant enlargement of the liver in birds fed yellow lupin diets in comparison with narrow-leafed ones may confirm this conclusion. Kocher et al (2000) reported that the ileal protein digestibility of narrow-leafed lupin was about 0.85, while jejunal and ileal NSP digestibilities were 0.03 and 0.12, respectively. This proved that neither were lupin NSP digested in the upper part nor were they fermented in the lower part of the small intestine.…”

“…Emir determined by Steenfeldt et al (2003), 11.6 mPas·s on the diet containing 35% narrow-leafed lupin cv. Gungurru measured by Kocher et al (2000), or 32.7 mPas·s on the diet containing 40% narrow-leafed lupin, vs the 3.5 mPas·s on the diet containing 40% yellow lupin measured by Olkow ski et al (2005).…”

“…Despite digesta viscosity not having been measured in the last study, it can be recognized as a major cause of these negative effects. Kocher et al (2000) reported that in 24-day-old broilers fed a diet with 35% narrow-leafed lupin cv. Gungurru, in comparison with control birds, digesta viscosity was higher by 199% in the duodenum, by 246% in the jejunum, and by 382% in the ileum, while in birds fed the same level of white lupin, the increase in digesta viscosity was insignificant.…”

“…Petterson (2000) reported that narrow-leafed lupin cultivated on a large scale in Australia was used in commercial broiler diets at a maximum 10% level as higher levels could induce the health and environmental problems associated with digesta viscosity and high litter moisture. Kocher et al (2000) found that a diet containing 350 g · kg -1 of Australian narrowleafed lupin cv. Gungurru induced high viscosity in the duodenal and jejunal digesta of broilers, reaching even 11.6 mPas·s in ileal digesta (382% higher than in the control sorghum-based diet).…”