Effect of Flame Retardant on Combustion and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo-Fiber Based Composites

Abstract

Bamboo fibrosis veneers were impregnated with diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and the content of diammonium hydrogen phosphate was 8%, 13% and 17%, respectively. Then bamboo-fiber based composites were prepared with PF resin adhesive. Combustion and mechanical properties of these fire retardant bamboo-fiber based composite were measured. The result showed that: 1) with the increase of diammonium hydrogen phosphate content, combustion properties increased while mechanical properties fell down, 2) when the diammonium hydrogen phosphate content reached 17%, the heat release rate, total heat release, effective heat of combustion, mass loss rate and ignition time went down by 70.1%, 68.8%, 68.5%, 32.0% and 27.1%, compared with the untreated bamboo-fiber based composites, meanwhile, 3) the MOR was 159.5MPa, MOE was 21241.5MPa and IB was 3.51MPa.

Effect of Synthesized Chitosan Flame Retardant On Flammability, Thermal, And Mechanical Properties of Vinyl Ester/Bamboo Nonwoven Fiber Composites

“…(27.95 MPa). The inclusion of FR particles in BF-based polymer composites generally reduces their tensile strength and interfacial bonding due to the particles non compatibility with the bers and polymers; this has been frequently reported in the literature (Fang et al 2020;Liu et al 2012). However, in this study, the NCS particles enhance the interfacial bonding of the BFs with VE, and hence, increase the tensile strength of the composites.…”

Flame Retardant Properties of Laminated Bamboo Lumber Treated with Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) and Boric acid/Borax (SBX) Compounds

“…Then the char layer cracked and reacted with oxygen to form the second exothermic peak at approximately 730 s. It has been shown that the HRR is the most important property of fire hazards because it indicates the intensity of a fire (Babrauskas and Peacock 1992). The second HRR peak is more critical than the first one for wood materials (Liu et al 2012).…”

“…However, the drawbacks of the product are the flammable properties of its composition of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses (Liu et al 2012). When a fire occurs, the LBL materials will burn vigorously and increase the fire load, which can lead to casualties and economic losses.…”

Intumescent-Grafted Bamboo Charcoal: A Natural Nontoxic Fire-Retardant Filler for Polylactic Acid (PLA) Composites

“…Carbon-based agents such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and expanded graphite (EG) are considered to be excellent flame-retardant fillers by forming dense networks, but these are costly. , Therefore, cheaper sources such as bamboo charcoal (BC) have also been investigated as flame-retardant additives for PLA . Functional flame retardants based on the chemical graft-modification of BC are in development, , and BC is considered to have significant potential in flame retardancy. , From previous research, − BC has much better compatibility and compounding capacity with polymers than powdered bamboo (bamboo flour), which requires chemical modification (by alkali treatment or adding coupling agents) to prevent phase separation. , Significant chemical functionalization is required to impart the flame-retardant capability to bamboo flour. , Bamboo has tiny, complex pores, and the controlled pyrolysis and grinding process for BC give it greater specific surface area and a rich, irregular pore structure, potentially allowing it to become better integrated with graft products and the polymer matrix. , Interaction of BC with the polymer interface has been shown to increase the crystallinity of the matrix by promoting heterogeneous nucleation and enhancing certain properties of the material, such as stiffness and rigidity. , Using BC with a small particle size as a reinforcing agent in PLA, Ho et al successfully created BC/PLA composites whose maximum tensile strength, flexural strength, and ductility index (DI) were increased by 43, 99, and 52%, respectively. Qian et al found the maximum tensile strength and modulus of BC/PLA composites when 10% ultrafine, alkali-modified (15 wt % NaOH) BC was added.…”

“…30 Functional flame retardants based on the chemical graftmodification of BC are in development, 31,32 and BC is considered to have significant potential in flame retardancy. 33,34 From previous research, 35−37 BC has much better compatibility and compounding capacity with polymers than powdered bamboo (bamboo flour), which requires chemical modification (by alkali treatment or adding coupling agents) to prevent phase separation. 37,38 Significant chemical functionalization is required to impart the flame-retardant capability to bamboo flour.…”