Effect of five postemergence herbicides on red clover shoot and root growth in greenhouse studies

Abstract

Société de protection des plantes du Québec (SPPQ)ISSN 0031-9511 (imprimé) 1710-1603 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer cet article Ceballos, R., Palma, G., Brevis, H., Ortega, F. & Quiroz, A. (2004). Effect of five postemergence herbicides on red clover shoot and root growth in greenhouse studies. Phytoprotection, 85(3), 153-160. doi:10.7202 MCPA, 2,4-DB, flumetsulam, bentazon, haloxyfop-methyl, flumetsulam/2,4-DB and bentazon/MCPA were studied in greenhouse experiments in order to evaluate their primary effects on red clover (Trifolium pratense) growth and root injury. The influence of these herbicides on root length, plant height, crown diameter, shoot and root dry weights, shoot phytotoxicity and root injury were studied at two application rates. Variable responses in the growth parameters were observed throughout the experimental period. Herbicides did not affect root length. By the end of experiment, plant height was increased by all herbicides except MCPA and bentazon/MCPA. Crown diameter was increased only with MCPA and 2,4-DB, whereas it was not affected by the other herbicides. Bentazon reduced root dry weight while the other herbicides had no effect. In general, MCPA, bentazon, and bentazon/MCPA reduced shoot dry weight. Although all herbicides caused early foliar damage, the plants recovered by the end of experiment comparable to the control plants. Bentazon and bentazon/MCPA produced the greatest shoot damage. Roots were injured from all herbicides, yet they usually recovered over time. However, bentazon/MCPA induced more severe root injury, up to 17% of the plants, causing seedlings died. These results suggest that some herbicides used to protect red clover against weeds may also affect red clover development, increasing its vulnerability to disease. [Effet de cinq herbicides de postlevée sur la croissance de tiges et de racines du trèfle rouge lors d'essais en serre]Le MCPA, le 2,4-DB, le flumetsulam, le bentazone, le haloxyfop-méthyl, le flumetsulam/2,4-DB et le bentazone/MCPA ont été étudiés lors d'expériences en serre afin d'évaluer leurs principaux effets sur la croissance du trèfle rouge (Trifolium pratense) ainsi que sur les dommages racinaires qu'ils pourraient lui causer. Les conséquences qu'ont ces herbicides sur la longueur des racines, la taille de la plante, le diamètre du collet, les poids secs des tiges et des racines, ainsi que leur phytotoxicité pour les tiges et les dommages aux racines ont été étudiés pour deux doses d'application. Les paramètres de croissance ont eu des résultats indépendants les uns des autres tout au long de la durée des expériences. Les herbicides n'ont pas eu d'effet sur la longueur des racines. À la fin des expériences, la taille de la plante avait été augmentée par tous les herbicides sauf le MCPA et le bentazone/MCPA. Le diamètre du collet n'avait été augmenté que par le MCPA et le 2,4-DB, alors que les autres herbicides n'avaient pas eu d'effet. Le bentazone a fait diminuer le poids sec des racines alors que les autres herbicides n'ont pas eu d'ef...

BENTAZON-MCPA EFFECT ON Fusarium oxysporum ROOT ROT ON Trifolium pratense IN GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

“…The phytotoxic effect of MCPA, bentazon, 2,4-DB, flumetsulam, haloxifop-methyl, and of the mixtures usually used on red clover as flumetsulam/2,4-DB and bentazon/MCPA herbicides have been reported (Ceballos et al, 2004). In our study, all the herbicides were evaluated at recommended and twice recommended rate and all caused early foliar damage, but bentazon and bentazon/MCPA produced the greatest shoot damage.…”

“…Fusarium root rot is a common disease in Chilean red clover pastures, as well as in other areas in the world (Ceballos et al, 2004(Ceballos et al, , 2006Galdames, 1991;Steiner and Alderman, 1999;Venuto et al, 1995), causing reductions in productivity and persistence (Coulman and Lambert, 1995;Leath, 1985;Venuto et al, 1996). Fusarium oxysporum Schldt.…”

“…Fusarium oxysporum Schldt. is the most common, economically important and studied Fusarium species (Ceballos et al, 2004;2006;Venuto et al, 1995;Venuto et al, 1999). Fusarium affected plants may exhibit poor emergence, and the resulting seedlings are often stunted and weak.…”

“…MCPA causes stunting, distortion and gall formation on the roots of a number of crops (Tharp and Kells, 2000). Studies on MCPA used for weed control on red clover in Chile indicated that this herbicide had the most detrimental effects on red clover plants (Ceballos et al, 2004). On the other hand, bentazon is a contact herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis by specifically inhibiting photosystem II (Bradshaw et al, 1992;Fleming et al, 1988).…”

White clover tolerance to herbicides applied at different rates and phenological stages

“…Ceballos et al (2004) detected 2,4-D root injury at the beginning of the experiment. Moreover, Garcia and Jordon (1969) found that nodulation and nitrogen fixation in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were reduced by 2,4-D. Martensson (1992) reported that, despite the ability of certain Rhizobium trifolii strains to detoxify glyphosate, its use inhibited root nodulation in red clover (Trifolium pratense).…”