Effect of fenugreek consumption on serum lipid profile: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Heshmat-Ghahdarijani, Kiyan; Mashayekhiasl, Neda; Amerizadeh, Atefeh; Jervekani, Zahra Teimouri; Sadeghi, Masoumeh

doi:10.1002/ptr.6690

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Thirteen of these studies were excluded because they included an abstract ( N = 5) or a protocol ( N = 1) only, were not published in English ( N = 1), had inappropriate exposures ( N = 2) or outcomes ( N = 1), or did not provide updated data ( N = 2). As a result, 50 systematic reviews and meta‐analyses were included in the final analysis (Figure 1; Amir Shaghaghi et al, 2013; Askari et al, 2019; Azhdari et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2020; Fatahi et al, 2019; Ghaedi et al, 2019; Ghaedi et al, 2020; Glisic et al, 2018; Gui et al, 2016; Hadi et al, 2018, 2020; Hadi, Pourmasoumi, Mohammadi, et al, 2019; Hadi, Pourmasoumi, Najafgholizadeh, et al, 2019; Hallajzadeh et al, 2020; Hamedifard et al, 2019; Han et al, 2019; Hasani et al, 2019; Hemati et al, 2020; Hernández‐García et al, 2019; Heshmat‐Ghahdarijani et al, 2020; Karimian et al, 2019; Khorshidi et al, 2020; Li et al, 2014, 2015, 2020; Maierean et al, 2017; Mansour‐Ghanaei et al, 2018; Mohammadi, Hadi, et al, 2019; Mohammadi, Ramezani‐Jolfaie, et al, 2019; Ostadmohammadi et al, 2019; Pourmasoumi et al, 2018, 2020; Rahmani et al, 2019; Rahmani et al, 2020; Ricci et al, 2010; Ried, 2016; Rocha et al, 2019; Sahebkar, 2014; Sahebkar, Simental‐Mendía, et al, 2016; Sahebkar, Soranna, et al, 2016; Salehi‐Sahlabadi et al, 2020; Serban et al, 2015; Shekarchizadeh‐Esfahani et al, 2020; Taku et al, 2010; Ursoniu et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2020; Zhang, Yuan, et al, 2016; Zhang, Liu, et al, 2016; Zhu et al, 2017; Ziaei et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirty‐five of these studies were published in the last 3 years. Reanalysis was conducted for a systematic review without meta‐analysis ( N = 1; Rocha et al, 2019), studies that did not report I 2 values ( N = 4; Maierean et al, 2017; Mohammadi, Ramezani‐Jolfaie, et al, 2019; Sahebkar, Simental‐Mendía, et al, 2016; Ursoniu et al, 2018), and studies that reported SMDs ( N = 2; Gui et al, 2016; Heshmat‐Ghahdarijani et al, 2020; Figures S1–S34). The effects of 35 PNSs on the levels of different biomarkers related to hypertension [systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, mmHg)], dyslipidemia [total cholesterol (TC, mg/dl), triglycerides (TG, mg/dl), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C, mg/dl), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C, mg/dl), the LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio, very low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‐C, mg/dl), apolipoprotein (Apo)‐AI (g/L), Apo‐B (g/L), Apo‐B/Apo‐AI ratio, plasma lipoprotein (mg/dl), and free fatty acid (mg/dl)], and diabetes [fasting or postprandial glucose (mg/dl), insulin level (mg/dl), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR)] were analyzed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, Aloe vera , fenugreek, and spirulina were shown to statistically improve lipid profiles and combat hyperglycemia. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism were proposed due to the rich contents of polysaccharides and phytosterols in Aloe vera (Zhang, Liu, et al, 2016), the large amounts of 4‐hydroxyisoleucine amino acid, polyphenols, saponin, and gel‐like dissolvable fiber in fenugreek (Heshmat‐Ghahdarijani et al, 2020), and the large amount of fiber, polypeptides, and C‐phycocyanin protein in spirulina (Hamedifard et al, 2019). However, the aforementioned mechanisms were also only based on experimental studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytonutrient supplements and metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of clinical trials

Hoang

Kim

2021

Phytotherapy Research

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Phytonutrients exert several pharmacological effects on humans. In this study, we performed an umbrella review of the association of phytonutrient supplements (PNSs) with biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Relevant published systematic reviews and meta‐analyses of clinical trials were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library until July 4, 2020. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for summarized effects and I2 statistics of heterogeneity were extracted from individual studies or reanalyzed using a random‐effects model. Of the 50 included studies, pooled effects of PNSs on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glycemic control were reported in 16, 25, and 14 articles, respectively. The findings appeared to be highly heterogeneous among individual trials of included systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Ginger (WMD = −6.36 mmHg, 95% CI = −11.27, −1.46) and Hibiscus sabdariffa (WMD = −7.58 mmHg, 95% CI = −9.69, −5.46) were associated with lowered systolic blood pressure, whereas Aloe vera, Nigella sativa, and spirulina were associated with beneficial effects on both lipid profiles and glycemic control. In summary, this umbrella review has provided up‐to‐date evidence for the effect of PNSs on biomarkers related to hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The results must be interpreted with caution due to potential heterogeneity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytonutrient supplements and metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of clinical trials

Hoang

Kim

2021

Phytotherapy Research

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“…e mentioned compound contains Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek, in Persian: "Shanbalileh"), Portulaca oleracea (purslane, in Persian: "Khorfeh"), and Rhus corindria (sumac, in Persian: "Somagh"), all of which have individually various medical effects on lipid profile [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Persian Herbal Medicine Compound on the Lipid Profiles of Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Niknafs

Rezvanfar

Kamalinejad

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Introduction. It has been well established in the world that lipid disorders promote the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences. This study aimed to assess the impacts of a Persian medicinal (PM) compound on lipid profile. Materials and Methods. From June 21 to October 21, 2020, a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial was conducted with 74 dyslipidemic patients, who were randomly divided into two equally populated groups: one prescribed with a Persian medicinal herbal compound (n = 37) and a placebo group (n = 37). A Persian herbal medicine including fenugreek, sumac, and purslane is introduced. Biochemical parameters including 12-hour fasting serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglyceride (TG) were measured before the initiation and after the completion of study protocol. Results. Percent changes of biochemical parameters include the following: intervention group = cholesterol: 35.22, Tg: 45.91, LDL: 24.81, HDL: 2.05, VLDL: 8.94 and placebo group = cholesterol: 6.94, Tg: −7.3, LDL: 7.37, HDL: 2.88, VLDL: −0.14. The serum levels of total cholesterol ( p = 0.01 ) and LDL ( p = 0.01 ) significantly decreased and no increase was recorded in HDL ( p = 0.03 ) levels over time in the intervention group. Furthermore, between-group analysis showed a statistically significant difference between the intervention and placebo groups in this regard. VLDL ( p = 0.2 ) and TG ( p = 0.2 ) levels also decreased, however not significantly. Conclusion. This study showed that a Persian medicinal herbal compound could be safe and beneficial to decrease the levels of serum cholesterol and LDL in dyslipidemic patients. However, larger long-term studies are recommended to clarify this effect.

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Cardiovascular diseases are currently the leading cause of death globally, accounting for about one-third of all deaths (Hadjiphilippou & Ray, 2019;Yusuf et al, 2020). Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (Kopin & Lowenstein, 2017;Pan et al, 2016).Dyslipidemia is an incurable but controllable condition characterized by elevated plasma triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) concentrations and decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) concentrations (Hedayatnia et al, 2020;Heshmat-Ghahdarijani et al, 2020). Previous studies have shown that controlling blood lipids can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Ida

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confidence: 99%

Effect of onion on blood lipid profile: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Wang

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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Background Studies indicate that onion supplementation may be effective in the treatment of dyslipidemia; however, the results remain controversial. This meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate potential benefits of onion on lipid profile. Methods Up to 12 October 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of onion on lipid profile. Mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Meta‐analysis was conducted using the fixed‐effects model. Results Ten trials with 446 participants in total were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled findings of 10 studies suggested that onion supplementation significantly improved high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (MD: 2.29 mg/dl; 95% CI: 0.87, 3.72; I2 = 0%) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (MD: −6.64 mg/dl; 95% CI: −10.91, −2.36; I2 = 32%),while onion supplementation did not significantly lower triglycerides (TG) (MD: −6.55 mg/dl; 95% CI: −15.64, 2.53; I2 = 45%). Analysis of nine trials showed a significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) (MD: −5.39 mg/dl; 95% CI: −10.68, −0.09; I2 = 49%) in patients with onion supplementation compared to the control group. Conclusion In summary, supplementation of onion was beneficial to control dyslipidemia, including improving levels of HDL, LDL, and TC, but could not reduce TG level. The therapeutic benefits of onion for dyslipidemia need to be treated with caution considering that some of the results are not robust.

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Effect of fenugreek consumption on serum lipid profile: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cited by 35 publications

References 41 publications

Phytonutrient supplements and metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of clinical trials

Phytonutrient supplements and metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of clinical trials

The Effect of a Persian Herbal Medicine Compound on the Lipid Profiles of Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Effect of onion on blood lipid profile: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

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