Effect of feeding microwave irradiated sorghum grain on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation and serum metabolites in sheep

Khajeh-Dizaj, Farhad Parnian; Taghizadeh, Akbar; Nobari, B Baghbanzadeh

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2014.06.004

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The values obtained in this study for serum constituents and antioxidant status (Table ) were within the normal ranges reported in Imik et al. () and in our previous study (Khajehdizaj et al., ). Ewes supplemented with HMBi and DL‐Met exhibited lower serum concentrations of triglyceride compared to the CON treatment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In domestic ruminants, reduced concentrations of total protein and albumin indicate protein deficiency and malnutrition (Khajehdizaj et al., ). Having a long half‐life, albumin provides a long‐term indicator of protein intake in ruminants and inadequate dietary protein intake leads to a slow and gradual decrease in albumin because of the insufficient AA supplied to the liver for its synthesis (Sahoo et al., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and antioxidant status in ewes supplemented with DL‐methionine or hydroxy‐4 (methylthio) butanoic acid isopropyl ester

Baghbanzadeh-Nobari

Taghizadeh

Khorvash

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The effects of supplementing ewe diets with either DL-methionine (DL-Met) or 2-hydroxy-4 (methylthio) butanoic acid isopropyl ester (HMBi) were investigated on ruminal in situ degradability of grain and forage diets, in vivo digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and antioxidant status. Six ruminally cannulated ewes were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 28-day periods. The dietary treatments were as follows: (i) no supplemental Met (control; CON), (ii) DL-Met at 1.2 g/kg DM intake and (iii) HMBi at 1.8 g/kg dry matter (DM) intake. Corn grain, barley grain and alfalfa hay were evaluated for their ruminal degradability by both in situ incubation and effective degradability measurements of DM, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF). Compared to other treatments, HMBi supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the digestibility of organic matter, crude protein and NDF and also tended (p = 0.08) to increase the digestibility of DM and ADF. Moreover, HMBi supplementation increased (p < 0.01) total VFA concentrations, the molar proportions of valerate and iso-butyrate in the rumen. Compared to the CON treatment, DL-Met and HMBi treatments tended (p = 0.08) to increase the molar proportion of acetate but decreased (p < 0.05) ruminal ammonia-N concentration. Ewes supplemented with HMBi and DL-Met recorded greater (p < 0.05) serum concentrations of glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase than the CON treatment. Serum concentrations of glucose, total protein, albumin, high-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein were greater (p < 0.01) and serum urea nitrogen (p < 0.05), malonyl dialdehyde and triglyceride were lower (p < 0.02) in the HMBi and DL-Met animals than in the CON ewes. The results concluded that HMBi is a very effective form of dietary Met supplementation for ewes with a positive effect on digestion, rumen fermentation and serum antioxidant function.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and antioxidant status in ewes supplemented with DL‐methionine or hydroxy‐4 (methylthio) butanoic acid isopropyl ester

Baghbanzadeh-Nobari

Taghizadeh

Khorvash

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…The quantity of NH 3 ‐N absorbed across the ruminal wall is determined mainly by diet but also by ruminal factors, with the most important factors being rumen degradable protein, contributions of endogenous sources of nitrogen (e. g., urea) to the ruminal NH 3 ‐N pool, and dietary ruminally available energy (Reynolds & Kristensen, ). After absorption across the ruminal wall into the portal blood, NH 3 ‐N reaching the liver is detoxified primarily to urea in the ornithine cycle (Khajehdizaj, Taghizadeh, & Nobari, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The serum metabolite concentrations of AST, ALT, GLU, BUN, FFA, β‐HB and INS are commonly used to assess the nutritional status of livestock (Khajehdizaj et al., ). With liver damage, AST and ALT are released into the blood and consequently, these metabolites are often used as indicators of the health of the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With liver damage, AST and ALT are released into the blood and consequently, these metabolites are often used as indicators of the health of the liver. Ammonium nitrogen is detoxified in the liver (Khajehdizaj et al., ), and the high level of dietary urea may affect the liver. However, the differences of serum AST and ALT did not differ among the four treatments in the present study which meant that the slow‐release urea was not detrimental to the heifers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of supplemental dietary slow‐release urea on growth performance and physiological status of dairy heifers

Zhang

Qiu

Shang

et al. 2018

Animal Science Journal

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We examined the effect of supplemental dietary slow-release urea on the growth performance and physiological status of 16 dairy Holstein heifers (10 months of age, 322 ± 10 kg). The heifers were offered a formulated isocaloric and isonitrogenous 70:30 roughage : concentrate ration and were assigned randomly to one of four levels of slow-release urea supplementation (0% [U ], 1% [U ], 1.5% [U ] and 2% [U ] dry matter [DM]). The total study lasted 95 days, which included a 20 days adaptation period. Dry matter intake (DMI) of U was lower than the intakes of U and U (p < .05), while average daily gains (ADG) of U and U were higher than U and U (p < .05). Rumen volatile fatty acids concentration did not differ among the four treatments, while ammonia nitrogen concentration increased with an increase in urea level (p < .05). Serum blood urea nitrogen concentration was lower in U than in U and U while serum free fatty acids concentration in U was higher than in the other three treatments (p < .05). We concluded that the addition of urea at a level of 1.5 to 2.0% DM resulted in a reduction in DMI but the addition of 1.0%-1.5% urea resulted in the highest ADG, with no negative effects on rumen fermentation and health status of the calves.

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Astragalus root extract improved average daily gain, immunity, antioxidant status and ruminal microbiota of early weaned yak calves

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND Early weaning in yak calves is being attempted to improve yak reproduction rate. However, this has to be done with caution because of the high mortality rate of calves due to the lack of nutrients and the harsh environmental conditions. Twenty‐four weaned male yak calves were used in a 60 day feeding trial in which astragalus root extract (ARE) was supplemented. They were assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments (n = six per treatment) that differed in ARE level: 0 g kg−1 (control), ARE0; 20 g kg−1, ARE20; 50 g kg−1, ARE50; and 80 g kg−1 dry matter intake (DMI), ARE80. RESULTS Final bodyweight and average daily gain (ADG) were significantly higher and the DMI/ADG ratio was significantly lower in calves with ARE supplementation than control (ARE0) calves. Ruminal concentrations of acetate and propionate and serum concentration of superoxide dismutase in ARE80 calves were higher than in the other groups and serum concentration of insulin was higher in ARE80 calves than in ARE20 calves. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) concentrations in ARE‐fed calves were higher than in controls. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) concentration was higher in ARE50 and ARE80 groups than ARE0 calves and serum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) concentration was higher in ARE80 than in ARE0 calves. Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations increased with age in ARE‐fed calves. ARE supplementation increased the abundance of fiber degrading bacteria. CONCLUSION ARE at a dosage of 5% to 8% DMI can be supplemented to early weaned yak calves to improve growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Effect of feeding microwave irradiated sorghum grain on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation and serum metabolites in sheep

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and antioxidant status in ewes supplemented with DL‐methionine or hydroxy‐4 (methylthio) butanoic acid isopropyl ester

Digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and antioxidant status in ewes supplemented with DL‐methionine or hydroxy‐4 (methylthio) butanoic acid isopropyl ester

Effect of supplemental dietary slow‐release urea on growth performance and physiological status of dairy heifers

Astragalus root extract improved average daily gain, immunity, antioxidant status and ruminal microbiota of early weaned yak calves

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