Effect of Feeding High Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid-Containing Giant Embryo Black Sticky Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Anxiety-Related Behavior of C57BL/6 Mice

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of feeding high gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing black sticky rice giant embryo (BSRGE, Oryza sativa L.) on anxiety-related behavior of C57BL/6 mice. Experimental feedstuff (BSRGE with high GABA+AIN-76A) and control (AIN-76A) were provided to C57BL/6 mouse for 10 days. Antianxiety effects of BSRGE with high GABA were measured using an elevated plus maze. On day 8, the number of open arm entries by GABA and control groups were 1.10 ± 1.60 (mean ± SD) and 0.00 ± 0.00 (P = .030). On day 10, the number of open arm entries by the GABA group was 2.00 ± 1.89, which was significantly (P = .025) higher than that in the control group (0.40 ± 0.84). On day 8, the time the mice spent in open arm in the GABA group and control group was 3.60 ± 7.06 and 0.00 ± 0.00 sec (P = .068), respectively. On day 10, the time the mice in the GABA and control groups spent in open arm was 6.20 ± 5.35 sec and 1.80 ± 3.82 sec (P = .042), respectively. In repeated analysis of variance for the number of entries into open arm and time spent in open arm, significant differences were found between the two groups. Therefore, BSRGE with high GABA content might have an antianxiety effect. This study can serve as a preliminary study so that further antianxiety effects of BSRGE can be determined in more extended animal or clinical research studies in the future.

The Effect of Oral Administration of Black Sticky Rice with Giant Embryo on Brain GABA Concentrations

“…They suggested that a limited diffusion of GABA from blood into brain induced physiological changes in monoaminergic neurons. Thus, although the results of this study cannot conclusively determine whether BSRGE GABA component can pass through BBB, daily intake of BSRGE in previous studies altered the degree of alcohol intake [11], alcohol-related indices [12] and anxiety-related behaviors [13] and its results may be related to an increase of GABA concentration and neurotransmission in CNS after BSRGE intake.…”

“…Based on the results of these two studies, BSRGE containing high GABA concentrations might suggest an association with alcohol-related effects and alcohol intake. Additionally, the BSRGE intake of C57/BL6 mice reduced anxiety-related behavior in elevated plus maze test [13].…”

Effects of a nutraceutical combination of monacolin, γ-oryzanol and γ-aminobutyric acid on lipid profile and C-reactive protein in mice

“…It has been reported that pre-germinated brown rice rich in g-aminobutyric acid effectively reduced glucose levels in diabetic rats [17]. g-Aminobutyric acid also showed anti-anxiety effects [18] and positive effects against chronic renal failure [19]. g-Oryzanol was also suggested to show blood cholesterol lowering [20] and anti-oxidant effects [21].…”

Jejunal Metabolic Responses to Escherichia coli Infection in Piglets

“…Compared with the control, resistant and recovered piglets, diarrheal piglets have higher concentrations of GABA and glycine in the jejunum. GABA, a transmitter of enteric interneurons, has been noticed in the cytoplasm and the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells and regulates the function of the gastrointestinal tract ( Wang et al, 2004 ; Li et al, 2012 ; Jung et al, 2017 ). The direct functions of intestinal GABAergic signaling system have been identified to be involved in fluid transport through luminal secretion of Cl - ( Jin et al, 2006 ), which is a major driving force for fluid secretion and increased during diarrhea.…”