Effect of fasting on the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract of house sparrows (Passer domesticus)

Chediack, Juan G.; Funes, Samanta C.; Cid, Fabricio D.; Filippa, Verónica; Caviedes‐Vidal, Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.189

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was supported by the result, where graded doses of acetylcholine were introduced. The fasted group, showed a significant decrease in intestinal motility with increased graded doses of acetylcholine which was further attenuated with the introduction of atropine to the intestinal ileum, this is also in line with reports by Chediack et al (2012), where a decrease in small intestine motility was linked with reduction in small intestinal histology: perimeter, mucosal thickness, villus height and width and Funes et al (2014), where authors suggested that fasting induces atrophy of the small intestine, which may likely lead to a decrease in intestinal motility.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Fasting on Intestinal Motility and Transit in Albino Wistar Rats

Obembe¹,

Okon²,

Ofutet³

et al. 2015

Trends in Medical Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fasting is the act of willingly abstaining from some or all probable kinds of food, drinks or both for a period of time. Knowledge of the effect of fasting on intestinal motility and transit is incomprehensible, this study, therefore, seeks to ascertain the effect of fasting on intestinal motility and intestinal transit. Twelve albino wistar rats of body weight ranging between 160-200 g were used. These rats were randomly assigned into 2 groups, control and test (fasted) with six rats each. Both groups were fed with normal rodent chow and water for 30 days but the test groups were deprived of food for 12 h during the time frame (6 am-6 pm) of the experiment. The results obtained showed that fasting caused a significant decrease in intestinal motility compared to the control group on administration of atropine, a significant decrease in motility on administration of acetylcholine at the range of 9.56±0.74 and 32.03±0.78 µg mLG 1 , respectively for both control and the test groups. It was also determined that fasting did not cause any significant change in intestinal motility on administration of propranolol 387.50±24 and 387.50±141.97 µg mLG 1 , respectively and -737.50±87.50 and -420.83±24.88 µg mLG 1 , respectively, on administration of adrenaline. It was determined that fasting did not cause any significant change in intestinal transit (51.70±7.65 cm) and (40.74±7.14 cm), respectively in both groups. Conclusively, fasting reduces intestinal motility but has no significant effect on intestinal transit. Therefore, its use to enhance better well being and increased life's expectancy is encouraged as may be beneficial to patients with spastic colitis and some other intestinal motility disorders. However, it must be done under proper supervision to avoid other gastrointestinal complications such as ulcers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Fasting on Intestinal Motility and Transit in Albino Wistar Rats

Obembe¹,

Okon²,

Ofutet³

et al. 2015

Trends in Medical Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, we have not observed the notable changes of Bmgrp78 expression in silkworm midgut when deprived of food. This phenomenon may due to the flexibility of the gastrointestinal tract of animals, which can conserve energy through self-digestion in response to food deprivation (Chediack et al 2012;Zeng et al 2012). Interestingly, other studies reported that GRP78 protein level was higher in brain than in other tissues during animal hibernation (Lee et al 2002;Mamady & Storey 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) gene in silkworm Bombyx mori

Xing-zi

2013

Biologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

GRP78 (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein), also known as BiP (immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein), is an essential regulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis because of its multiple functions in protein folding, ER calcium binding, and controlling of the activation of transmembrane ER stress sensors. In this report, we cloned the full-length cDNA of GRP78 from silkworm Bombyx mori (BmGRP78). It is 2645 bp, including an open reading frame (ORF) of 1977 bp encoding a polypeptide of 658 amino acids. We sequenced the ORF sequence from genomic DNA, and found only one intron (104 bp) existed in Bmgrp78 gene structure. The deduced amino acid sequence of Bmgrp78 carries the ER retention signal KDEL at its C-terminus and is highly homologous to GRP78 of Fenneropenaeus chinensis (83.59%) and Homo sapiens (80.27%). RT-PCR analysis shows that Bmgrp78 is ubiquitously expressed in tissues of silkworm. Heat shock over 35• C notably enhanced the expression of Bmgrp78 in head tissues. In response to starvation, the transcript level of Bmgrp78 in head tissues was 2.8-fold (at WS stage) and 3.2-fold (at SD1 stage) higher than the control level, but it remained stable in the midgut tissues. After silkworms were challenged by bacteria, the relative expression level of Bmgrp78 in midgut was up-regulated and reached maximal level at 24 hour after injection, and remained higher level than that of controls at about 48 hour post challenge. We infer that BmGRP78 may play important roles in chaperoning, protein folding and immune function of silkworm.

show abstract

“…Fasts of 34, 48, and 72 h, respectively, for the house sparrow, American marten, and laboratory rat resulted in 47%, 27%, and 42% reductions in liver mass, while these animals only lost 17%, 13.5%, and 20% of their respective body masses (66,92,408). Great knots lost approximately 40% of liver mass during 4 days of a nonstop migratory flight, while losing 43% of body mass (31).…”

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Exceptions include a 24% decrease in heart mass (body mass dropped by 17%) for house sparrows after 31 to 34 h of fasting and as much a 40% increase in heart mass with refeeding for the Burmese python (11,92,459,491). The postprandial growth of the python's heart stems from cellular hypertrophy (no evidence of hyperplasia) and apparently serves to increase cardiac output to meet the elevated metabolic demands of the active gut (459,488,500).…”

Section: Heartmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Integrative Physiology of Fasting

Secor

Carey

2016

Comprehensive Physiology

132

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extended bouts of fasting are ingrained in the ecology of many organisms, characterizing aspects of reproduction, development, hibernation, estivation, migration, and infrequent feeding habits. The challenge of long fasting episodes is the need to maintain physiological homeostasis while relying solely on endogenous resources. To meet that challenge, animals utilize an integrated repertoire of behavioral, physiological, and biochemical responses that reduce metabolic rates, maintain tissue structure and function, and thus enhance survival. We have synthesized in this review the integrative physiological, morphological, and biochemical responses, and their stages, that characterize natural fasting bouts. Underlying the capacity to survive extended fasts are behaviors and mechanisms that reduce metabolic expenditure and shift the dependency to lipid utilization. Hormonal regulation and immune capacity are altered by fasting; hormones that trigger digestion, elevate metabolism, and support immune performance become depressed, whereas hormones that enhance the utilization of endogenous substrates are elevated. The negative energy budget that accompanies fasting leads to the loss of body mass as fat stores are depleted and tissues undergo atrophy (i.e., loss of mass). Absolute rates of body mass loss scale allometrically among vertebrates. Tissues and organs vary in the degree of atrophy and downregulation of function, depending on the degree to which they are used during the fast. Fasting affects the population dynamics and activities of the gut microbiota, an interplay that impacts the host's fasting biology. Fasting-induced gene expression programs underlie the broad spectrum of integrated physiological mechanisms responsible for an animal's ability to survive long episodes of natural fasting.

show abstract

Effect of fasting on the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract of house sparrows (Passer domesticus)

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Fasting on Intestinal Motility and Transit in Albino Wistar Rats

Effect of Fasting on Intestinal Motility and Transit in Albino Wistar Rats

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) gene in silkworm Bombyx mori

Integrative Physiology of Fasting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About