Effect of extended exposure to alkaline cleaning chemicals on performance of polyamide (PA) nanofiltration membranes

Kallioinen, Mari; Sainio, Tuomo; Lahti, Jussi; Pihlajamäki, Arto; Koivikko, Hannu; Mattila, J.; Mänttäri, Mika

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2015.12.015

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…the fact that the radiation penetration depth was higher than the thickness of the active layer. Identification of 6 the polymer bands of the active semi-aromatic polyamide layer is summarised in Table S1.1 (supplementary 7 information) [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. The main changes were associated to the protonation of the piperazine amine groups 8 (NH 2+ ) and OHgroups with a wide band at 3400 cm -1 and to the presence of HSO 4 due to the appearance of three 9…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of nanofiltration for acidic waters containing rare earth elements: Influence of transition elements, acidity and membrane stability

et al. 2018

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14Acid mine drainage (AMD) is considered the main environmental problem in mining operation due to its acidity, 15 metal content (Fe, Al, Zn, Cu) and onerous associated treatment cost. However, the presence of relatively high 16 levels of added value elements (rare earth elements (REE)) could make its valorisation economically affordable. 17Membrane nanofiltration (NF) has been postulated as a potential recovery technology because it allows the 18 recovery of a sulphuric acid rich stream and a metal rich stream in one step. In this study, the performance of a 19 semi-aromatic polyamide NF membrane (NF270) in filtering model solutions containing common metals (Ca, Al, 20 Zn) in sulphuric solutions (pH 1.5-3.0) was evaluated. In a second stage, the performance was assessed with the 21 same model solutions but also containing REE. NF270 showed high rejections for metallic ions in solution, 22allowing acid permeation. Ion rejection data were used to determine membrane permeances to ions using the 23 solution-diffusion model considering reactive transport. The stability of the membrane was also studied by 24 comparing performances of a virgin membrane with an aged membrane exposed to 1 M sulphuric acid for 4 25 weeks. Physicochemical changes of membrane properties after ageing were also analysed by ATR-FTIR, AFM and 26 XPS. 27 28

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confidence: 99%

Application of nanofiltration for acidic waters containing rare earth elements: Influence of transition elements, acidity and membrane stability

et al. 2018

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“…Based on the BET results, the micro-pore volume reduced significantly after fouling with BL even though the irreversible flux decline ratio was −28% ( Table 1). The improvement in pure water permeability is supported by increase in hydrophilicity and could be explained by fouling caused by the phenolic compound lignin present in the BL 37,44 or by the alkalinity of the BL solution 45 . Thus, in the case of fouling caused by BL monitoring the change in pure water permeability is not a sufficient method to reveal whether the membrane has been fouled or not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of membrane fouling by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique

Virtanen

Rudolph

Lopatina

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Membrane fouling is the major factor limiting the wider applicability of the membrane-based technologies in water treatment and in separation and purification processes of biorefineries, pulp and paper industry, food industry and other sectors. Endeavors to prevent and minimize fouling requires a deep understanding on the fouling mechanisms and their relative effects. In this study, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique was applied to get an insight into pore-level membrane fouling phenomena occurring in ultrafiltration of wood-based streams. The fouling of commercial polysulfone and polyethersulfone membranes by black liquor, thermomechanical pulping process water and pressurized hot-water extract was investigated with BET analysis, infrared spectroscopy, contact angle analysis and pure water permeability measurements. Particular emphasis was paid to the applicability of BET for membrane fouling characterization. The formation of a fouling layer was detected as an increase in cumulative pore volumes and pore areas in the meso-pores region. Pore blocking was seen as disappearance of meso-pores and micro-pores. The results indicate that the presented approach of using BET analysis combined with IR spectroscopy can provide complementary information revealing both the structure of fouling layer and the chemical nature of foulants.

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“…The observed change in the permeability of this membrane is likely secondary to the altered thin active skin layer, given its sensitivity to chemical cleaning (Simon et al 2013). Based on previous studies (Al-Amoudi et al 2008;Simon et al 2012;Simon et al 2013;Kallioinen et al 2016), chemical cleaning has been found to reduce negative charges of the NF 270 membrane and increase the membrane surface hydrophobicity. According to Simon et al (2012), the high negative charges during the caustic cleaning possibly induces the polyamide structure of the NF270 membrane to become more open, which enhances the permeate flux.…”

Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Physical and Chemical Cleaning for Nanofiltration/Reverse Osmosis (NF/RO) Membranes in Treatment of Tertiary Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) for Water Reclamation

Haan¹,

Ghani²,

Mohammad³

2018

JKUKM

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Treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) with membranes can cause membrane fouling due to the presence of suspended solids and organic matters. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of three types of membranes (NF270, XLE, and BW30) after the physical and chemical cleaning. Continuous chemical cleaning was conducted with NaOH and with HCl to clean the fouled membrane so as to elucidate the chemical cleaning protocols and cleaning efficiency. Flushing with ultra-pure (UP) water enabled the recovery of the fluxes of XLE and BW 30 membranes, as reflected by the mild decline (~1%) in the flux recovery for the XLE and BW 30 membranes. XLE and BW 30 membranes have exhibited consistent rejection capabilities throughout the 3-cycle filtration period. Conversely, NF 270 has failed to regain its rejection capability in the long run. Whereas, for chemical cleaning, the initial flux of NF 270 after cleaning with 0.1% NaOH rose dramatically compared to the initial flux in the first filtration cycle due to changes in the surface morphology. Conversely, NaOH cleaning had fully recovered the initial flux of the XLE and BW 30 membranes without compromise the rejection capabilities of both membranes. Based on the cleaning efficiency and permeate quality, it can be concluded that the BW 30 membrane with ultra-pure water (UP) and NaOH cleanings afforded the best and most consistent performance in the long run but HCl is not a preference for the cleaning of this membrane in the water reclamation due to the low flux recovery. ABSTRAK Rawatan POME dengan menggunakan membran boleh menyebabkan kekotoran membran berlaku kerana POME mempunyai bahan pepejal dan organik yang tinggi. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menilai prestasi dan penolakan tiga jenis membran (NF270, XLE dan BW 30) selepas pembersihan fizikal dan kimia. Proses pembersihan kimia telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan kimia NaOH dan kimia HCl untuk membersihkan membran yang kotor dan memberi gambaran tentang protokol pembersihan membran dan kecekapan pembersihan. Pembersihan dengan air UP membolehkan pemulihan fluks membrane XLE dan BW 30, seperti yang dicerminkan oleh penurunan yang sedikit (~ 1%) dalam pemulihan fluks untuk membran XLE dan BW 30. Membran XLE dan BW 30 telah mempamerkan keupayaan penolakan yang konsisten sepanjang tempoh 3-kitaran. Sebaliknya, NF 270 gagal mencapai keupayaan penolakannya dalam jangka panjang. Sebaliknya, untuk pembersihan kimia, fluks awal untuk membran NF 270 selepas pembersihan menggunakan 0.1% NaOH meningkat secara dramatik berbanding dengan fluks awal dalam kitaran penapisan 1 akibat perubahan morfologi permukaan membran. Sebaliknya, pembersihan NaOH telah pulih sepenuhnya fluks awal membran XLE dan BW 30 tanpa mengganggu keupayaan penolakan kedua-dua membrane. Dari kecekapan pembersihan dan kualiti produk, dapat disimpulkan bahawa membran BW 30 dengan air ultra-tulen dan pembersihan kimia NaOH mempunyai prestasi yang konsisten dalam jangka masa panjang dan pembersihan kimia HCl kurang memuaskan sebagai agen pemb...

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Effect of extended exposure to alkaline cleaning chemicals on performance of polyamide (PA) nanofiltration membranes

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Application of nanofiltration for acidic waters containing rare earth elements: Influence of transition elements, acidity and membrane stability

Application of nanofiltration for acidic waters containing rare earth elements: Influence of transition elements, acidity and membrane stability

Analysis of membrane fouling by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique

Physical and Chemical Cleaning for Nanofiltration/Reverse Osmosis (NF/RO) Membranes in Treatment of Tertiary Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) for Water Reclamation

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