Effect of exit configuration on evacuation of a room without visibility

Modeling crowd evacuation of a building based on seven methodological approaches

“…What is more, lattice gas models have been applied to study crowd evacuation under different situations. For example, lattice gas model of biased-random walkers have been used to simulate evacuation process from a dark room with a few exits [35], to simulate evacuation process from a smoky room [36].…”

Human Evacuation Modeling

“…Nagatani and Nagai [7] then derived the probability density distributions of the number of steps of a biased random walk to a wall during an evacuation process from a dark room, first contact point on the wall and the number of steps of a second walk along the wall. In a following study, the probability density distributions of escape times were also derived and shown to be dependent on exit configurations [8]. Qiu et al [9] simulated escaping pedestrian flow along a corridor under open boundary condition using the cellular automata approach.…”

Research on pedestrian escape route without visibility based on Markov chain model

“…Furthermore, a Monte Carlo solution of the model provides in addition a sample of actual trajectories of the evacuees. Nagai et al investigated the evacuation process from a dark room with an exit by the use of the biased random walk model [3]. The statistical characteristics of evacuation process are derived by using a lot of simulating trajectories.…”

“…For example, Nagatani and Nagai studied the stochastic characteristic of a pedestrian without visibility by the biased random walk model [8]. Another example is that Nagai et al obtained simulating trajectories from a dark room by the extended lattice gas model [3]. The Markov process is an important and significant kind of stochastic process.…”