Effect of Exercise Training on Cardiac Biomarkers in At-Risk Populations: A Systematic Review

Glenney, Susan Sullivan; Brockemer, Derrick Paul; Ng, Andy Cheuk-Him; Smolewski, Michael A.; Smolgovskiy, Vladimir M.; Lepley, Adam S.

doi:10.1123/jpah.2016-0631

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For middle-aged and elderly individuals, physical exercise is recommended as a means of reducing the risk of several chronic diseases [ 14 ]. Physical exercise can be beneficial to cardiovascular health because it can decrease vascular inflammation, inhibit oxidative stress, and improve plasma lipids, endothelial function, and coronary circulation [ 15 – 18 ]. Physical exercise may be important for preventing and treating hypertension and its associated pathologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Physical Exercise and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress among Middle-Aged and Elderly Community Residents with Essential Hypertension in China

Gao

Xia

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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This study aimed to investigate the role of different types and frequencies of physical exercise in biomarkers of oxidative stress among middle-aged and elderly community residents with essential hypertension in China. A community-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken in 7 subdistricts. Individuals, 45-79 years old, with essential hypertension (n = 402) and without cardiovascular disease (n = 1047) were included. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were determined. Multilevel linear regression was used to estimate the associations between various types of physical exercise and oxidative stress biomarker levels. Participants engaged in high frequency walking/square dancing or taiji/yoga demonstrated decreased systolic blood pressure in both groups; however, diastolic blood pressure decreased only among individuals with hypertension participating in walking/square dancing. In individuals with hypertension, MDA levels decreased in those participating in walking/square dancing, SOD activity increased in those participating in walking/square dancing, and 4-HNE levels decreased in those involved in taiji/yoga. In individuals without cardiovascular disease, MDA levels decreased in those involved in walking/square dancing or taiji/yoga, SOD activity increased in those performing walking/square dancing, and 4-HNE levels decreased in those involved in taiji/yoga. Oxidative stress marker levels also improved in those involved in walking/square dancing or taiji/yoga groups as the exercise frequency increased. Thus, frequent participation in walking/square dancing or taiji/yoga effectively decreases hypertension-related oxidative stress biomarker levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Physical Exercise and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress among Middle-Aged and Elderly Community Residents with Essential Hypertension in China

Gao

Xia

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…The test was performed until the rat was unable to maintain the pace of the treadmill belt. The highest speed which the rat could maintain for 15 s was defined as MRS (18). At the end of 12 weeks, all of the animals were submitted to a final MRS test.…”

Section: Maximum Running Speed (Mrs) Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerobic exercise is a well-known factor for improving cardiovascular function (18). The hearts of trained individuals exhibit bradycardia, greater myocardial capillarization, and increased contractile force due to improved Ca 2+ handling of proteins (18,19). Exercise traininginduced improvements in vasoreactivity have also been linked with increases in NOS proteins, and could be blocked by L-NAME, supporting this vascular-NO-mediated mechanism of action (20)(21)(22)(23); however, the magnitude of NO for beneficial effects induced by exercise has not yet been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic aerobic exercise associated to low-dose L-NAME improves contractility without changing calcium handling in rat cardiomyocytes

Luchi

Coelho

Cordeiro

et al. 2020

Braz J Med Biol Res

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1 , P.M. Coelho0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 2 , J.P. Cordeiro0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 1 , A.L.E.M. Assis0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 3 , B.V. Nogueira0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 3 , V.B. Marques0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 4 , L. dos Santos 0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 4 , A.P. Lima-Leopoldo 0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 1,2 AbstractNitric oxide (NO) inhibition by high-dose NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) is associated with several detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. However, low-dose L-NAME increases NO synthesis, which in turn induces physiological cardiovascular benefits, probably by activating a protective negative feedback mechanism. Aerobic exercise, likewise, improves several cardiovascular functions in healthy hearts, but its effects are not known when chronically associated with low-dose L-NAME. Thus, we tested whether the association between low-dose L-NAME administration and chronic aerobic exercise promotes beneficial effects to the cardiovascular system, evaluating the cardiac remodeling process. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control (C), L-NAME (L), chronic aerobic exercise (Ex), and chronic aerobic exercise associated to L-NAME (ExL). Aerobic training was performed with progressive intensity for 12 weeks; L-NAME (1.5 mg Á kg -1 Á day -1 ) was administered by orogastric gavage. Low-dose L-NAME alone did not change systolic blood pressure (SBP), but ExL significantly increased SBP at week 8 with normalization after 12 weeks. Furthermore, ExL promoted the elevation of left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic pressure without the presence of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Time to 50% shortening and relaxation were reduced in ExL, suggesting a cardiomyocyte contractile improvement. In addition, the time to 50% Ca 2+ peak was increased without alterations in Ca 2+ amplitude and time to 50% Ca 2+ decay. In conclusion, the association of chronic aerobic exercise and low-dose L-NAME prevented cardiac pathological remodeling and induced cardiomyocyte contractile function improvement; however, it did not alter myocyte affinity and sensitivity to intracellular Ca 2+ handling.

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“…It is known that regular, chronic physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease [28]. It reduces the HPA reactivity to acute stress [29, 30] and reduces BP [31-33], and HR reactivity in adults [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Acute Physical Activity on Stress Reactivity in Obese and Normal Weight Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Messerli‐Bürgy¹,

Horsch²,

Schindler³

et al. 2019

Obes Facts

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Objective: Physical activity (PA) may influence acute stress reactivity in children differently depending on their weight. This randomized controlled trial investigated the impact of acute PA and of BMI status (overweight/obese (OB/OW) and normal weight (NW) on stress reactivity. Method: 50 prepubertal children (24 OW/OB and 26 NW) were randomly assigned to the PA or sedentary arm (SED) for 30 min followed by a stress task. Salivary cortisol, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) were measured. Results: An interaction effect between the randomization arms and weight status on salivary cortisol was found after the stress task (p = 0.04). Cortisol increased in the SED, but not in the PA arm (p = 0.004 for differences in time course) of NW children. Time course did not differ between both arms in OW/OB children (p = 0.7). OW/OB SED children had a flat cortisol course, and levels were reduced compared to the NW SED or the OW/OB PA children (p ≤ 0.03). Systolic BP increased only in the SED arm (p = 0.01). HR was higher in the PA than in the SED arm during stress (p < 0.001) and showed different time courses (p = 0.006). Conclusion: PA impacted on acute stress reactivity and influenced stress reactivity differently in NW and OW/OB children.

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Effect of Exercise Training on Cardiac Biomarkers in At-Risk Populations: A Systematic Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Association between Physical Exercise and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress among Middle-Aged and Elderly Community Residents with Essential Hypertension in China

Association between Physical Exercise and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress among Middle-Aged and Elderly Community Residents with Essential Hypertension in China

Chronic aerobic exercise associated to low-dose L-NAME improves contractility without changing calcium handling in rat cardiomyocytes

Influence of Acute Physical Activity on Stress Reactivity in Obese and Normal Weight Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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