Effect of exchangeable aluminium on the reduction of potato scab

Abstract

The severity of the incidence of the fungal disease, potato scab, varies with different soil groups at the same soil pH. At a soil pH of 5.3, potato scab is easily controlled in soils of western Hokkaido (soil group A) by simply decreasing soil pH, but in soils from eastern Hokkaido (soil group B) it is not so easily controlled. The difference appears to be due to higher levels and exchangeable aluminium in Group A.Addition of sufficient aluminium or ferrous sulfate to a group B soil decreased the incidence of potato scab in a field experiment. Higher levels of aluminium sulfate depressed crop production. It is concluded that aluminium ions control the incidence of potato scab in acid soils. It is suggested that, in soils with low exchange acidity Y1, potato scab can be controlled by adding sufficient aluminium to increase their exchange acidity YI to above 7-8.

Acidic soil tolerance of sugarcane and <i>Erianthus</i> root assessed by cell membrane stability

“…In Procedure 3, the stress intensity, concentration of the treatment solution, and treatment time were examined. Although hydrochloric acid (Marschner et al 1966) and acetic acid (Spencer and Ksander 1999) have been used as treatment solutions in previous studies; Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 solution was used in our study, according to the previous reports (Abe et al 2018, Mizuno andYoshida 1993), because Al toxicity is a major cause of growth limitation in acidic soils (Rengel 1992) and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 is relatively safe chemical to handle. The solutions were prepared at a concentration of 1% (w/v) (pH 3.1) and 3% (w/ v) (pH 2.8) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 • 16H 2 O with ultrapure water as the solvent, considering Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 • 14-18H 2 O (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Co., Osaka, Japan) as Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 • 16H 2 O. Root samples (600 mg) were collected in the same manner as Procedure 2, and 300 mg each were placed in two 50 mL centrifuge tubes containing a fixed volume of 30 mL ultrapure water and washed with gentle shaking for 15 min.…”

Soil fertility status for potato production in the central highlands of Malawi

“…The pH (H 2 O) and pH (KCl) were measured using a pH electrode in a 1:2.5 soil/water and soil/1 mol L -1 KCl solution ratio. Exchangeable soil acidity (also known as Y 1 ) was extracted by 1 mol L -1 KCl solution to a solution ratio of 1:2.5, and the extract was (Mizuno and Yoshida, 1993). The same extract was used for exchangeable Al measurements using the ICPS-8100.…”

Isolation of antagonistic Streptomyces sp. against a potato scab pathogen from a field cultivated with wild oat

“…However, the disease-controlling effect of reducing soil pH differs according to soil type. Mizuno and Yoshida (1993) reported that this difference could be explained by the concentration of exchangeable aluminum in soil. In soils with a high level of exchangeable aluminum, a decrease in soil pH leads to an increase in the aluminum ion concentration, which is harmful to scab pathogens.…”

“…Common scab caused by S. turgidiscabies is mainly prevalent in eastern Hokkaido, while common scab caused by S. scabies is prevalent in western Hokkaido (Miyajima et al 1998). Currently, several methods are used to control common scab, including chemical treatment of seed potato (Souma et al 2002), crop rotation (Loria 2001;Tanaka 2005b), incorporation of a green manure (Shiga and Suzuki 2005;Tanaka 2005b), reduction of soil pH (Mizuno and Yoshida 1993;Shiga and Suzuki 2005;Tanaka 2005b), and irrigation during tuber formation (Loria 2001;Mino and Nishiwaki 2001). However, these methods do not satisfactorily control the disease.…”