Effect of Er:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation Solution on<i>Enterococcus Faecalis</i>Biofilm in an<i>Ex-Vivo</i>Root Canal Model

Sahar-Helft, Sharonit; Stabholtz, Adam; Moshonov, Joshua; Gutkin, Vitaly; Redenski, Idan; Steinberg, Doron

doi:10.1089/pho.2012.3445

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our own pretests (results not shown) failed to prove a direct bactericidal effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation. This is in line with Sahar-Helft et al 25 who reported that Er:YAG LAI did not improve CFUs of E. faecalis biofilm compared with manual dynamic irrigation, and also Ordinola-Zapata et al 26 reported better antibacterial effects on E. faecalis with the use of needle irrigation of NaOCl than the use of LAI. The same was reported by Kasic et al, 27 who found a significant but clinically irrelevant 10% reduction of E. faecalis counts in artificially infected root canals.…”

Section: Endodontic Disinfection With Er:yag Laser Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, it was reported that, using SEM analysis as validation method, Er:YAG irradiation of NaCl solution inside the root canal was able to partially remove the E. faecalis biofilm from root canal walls and to expose dentinal tubules. 25 In the short-term experiments, except for the dual infection with S. gordonii/A. oris, the CFU reduction did not achieve a 3 log10 units difference, which is considered a significant antimicrobial activity.…”

Section: Endodontic Disinfection With Er:yag Laser Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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In VitroEffect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections

Henninger

Berto

Eick

et al. 2019

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery

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Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of activated irrigation with different modes of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser application on microorganisms related to secondary endodontic infection. Background: Er:YAG laser has been recommended as an adjuvant tool for root canal disinfection during endodontic treatment. Materials and methods: Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with 300 or 600 lm tips were tested with or without intermittent irrigation with 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution against different microorganisms (five single strains and dual species (Streptococcus gordonii combined with Actinomyces oris or Fusobacterium nucleatum) in root canals after 3 days of incubation. In a 21-day infection model, LAI was used together with intermittent rinsing with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against the dual-species mixtures; here the incidence of microbial regrowth after up to 7 days was monitored. Results: In the 3-day root infection model, LAI protocols did not show any significant reduction of the microbial load when compared with manual irrigation with saline solution. In the 21-day infection, S. gordonii combined with A. oris were not detectable anymore after applying the LAI protocol with a 600 lm tip (30 mJ/ 10 pps) up to 7 days after treatment. Conclusions: Application of LAI with a 600 lm tip by using an Er:YAG laser might be advantageous in treatment of endodontic infections.

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Section: Endodontic Disinfection With Er:yag Laser Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Endodontic Disinfection With Er:yag Laser Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In VitroEffect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections

Henninger

Berto

Eick

et al. 2019

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pedulla et al 40 reported that when using 5% NaOCl as an irrigation solution, SNI and LAI performed with Er:YAG laser for 30 seconds showed similar efficacy against E. faecalis. Sahar-Helft et al 42 compared the activities of SNI performed with 2% CHX and LAI performed with Er:YAG on E. faecalis. They found that the number of bacteria after LAI performed with CHX decreased significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Erbium, Chromium-doped Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium and Garnet Laser-activated Irrigation Compared with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, Conventional Irrigation, and Photodynamic Therapy against Enterococcus faecalis

Aydin¹,

Taşdemir²,

Buruk³

et al. 2020

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim:To compare the antimicrobial effects of two different irrigation solutions activated with erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser or an ultrasonic system and a photodynamic therapy (PDT) on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Materials and methods: The root canals of 72 single-rooted human permanent incisors were prepared with ProTaper Universal rotary instruments and incubated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) for 4 weeks. Then the teeth were randomly divided into seven experimental groups with 10 specimens for canal disinfection procedures. Group I, standard needle irrigation (SNI) with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); group II, SNI with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX); group III, laser-activated irrigation (LAI) by Er,Cr:YSGG of NaOCl; group IV, LAI of CHX; and group V, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) of NaOCl; group VI, PUI of CHX; group VII, PDT. The remaining two teeth were used as the control group. After the disinfection procedures were completed, the root canals were filled with phosphate-buffered saline and bacterial samples were taken with sterile paper cones. The cultivation was performed on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) plates. The live bacteria were calculated by counting the colonies on these plaques. The statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis H test and Miller's multiple comparison technique. Results: Both LAI and PUI of NaOCl and PUI of CHX were more successful than the PDT on root canal disinfection (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitation of the present study, the activation of NaOCl solution by Er,Cr:YSGG laser or an ultrasonic system can be useful in the elimination of the E. faecalis from the canal. The PUI of CHX also has similar results. Photodynamic therapy showed a lower performance compared to these methods. Clinical significance: The activation of the sodium hypochlorite with Er,Cr:YSGG laser or PUI may be useful for removal of the E. faecalis biofilm layer in the root canal.

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“…One of the main goals in endodontic treatment is to obtain effective cleaning and decontamination of the root canal by attacking the smear layer, bacteria, and their by-products within the root canal. [1][2][3] This is especially important since removal of pulp tissues, microorganisms, and microbial toxins from the root canal system is essential for successful endodontic treatment. 4 Clinically, conventional endodontic techniques use mechanical instrumentation as well as ultrasonic and chemical irrigation to debride and remove infective microorganisms from the root canal system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a laser-induced irrigation is able to effectively clean the debris and smear layer with minimal or no thermal damage to organic dentinal structures. 3 In these procedures, the dentist first gains access to the root canal and then uses minimally invasive instrumentation for the initial cleaning. After this step, the Er:YAG pulses are delivered into the coronal portion of the pulp chamber and filled with water or sodium hypochlorite, by using fiber tips with different geometries, to perform the laser cleaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro study of the erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser cleaning of root canal by the use of shadow photography

et al. 2016

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Erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser cleaning is a promising technique in endodontic treatment. In our in vitro study, we measured the vapor-bubble dynamics in the root canal by using shadow photography. The canal model was made of a plastic cutout placed between two transparent glass plates. An artificial smear layer was applied to the glass to study cleaning efficiency. In our results, no shock waves have been observed, since the pulp-chamber dimensions have been in the same range as the maximum diameter of the vapor bubble. This leads to the conclusion that shock waves are not the main cleaning mechanism within our model. However, the cleaning effects are also visible in the regions significantly below the bubble. Therefore, it can be concluded that fluid flow induced by the bubble's oscillations contributes significantly to the canal cleaning. We also proposed a simple theoretical model for cleaning efficiency and used it to evaluate the measured data.

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Effect of Er:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation Solution onEnterococcus FaecalisBiofilm in anEx-VivoRoot Canal Model

Abstract: In vitro irrigation solutions, combined with Er:YAG laser irradiation, were effective in removing E. faecalis biofilm from root canal walls. Irrigation solutions without laser irradiation were less effective, leaving a layer of biofilm on the dentin surface.

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

In VitroEffect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections

In VitroEffect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections

Efficacy of Erbium, Chromium-doped Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium and Garnet Laser-activated Irrigation Compared with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, Conventional Irrigation, and Photodynamic Therapy against Enterococcus faecalis

In vitro study of the erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser cleaning of root canal by the use of shadow photography

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