Fasciolosis is a widespread parasitosis of farm live-stock in many developing
countries. For this reason, it is necessary to search for new substances against
parasitic diseases caused by flukes. Indeed, a wide variety of terrestrial plants
have been subjected to chemical and pharmacological screening in order to discover
their potential for human medicinal use. The molluscicidal and larvicidal activities
of Atriplex inflata were tested on Galba truncatula
and Fasciola hepatica larval stages infecting this snail in Tunisia.
Phytochemical tests were conducted on extracts in order to establish a meaningful
relationship with molluscicidal and larvicidal activities. The molluscicidal activity
was evaluated by subjecting snails to sample aqueous solutions. Accordingly, hexane,
ethyl acetate, methanol and methanol-water (8:2, v-v) were used as extraction
solvents. As a result, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts showed potent activity,
according to the World Health Organization, giving LC50 = 7.59 mg/L and
6.69 mg/L for hexane extracts of leaves and fruits, respectively. Ethyl acetate
extracts gave LC50 = 5.90 mg/L and 7.32 mg/L for leaves and fruits,
successively. Molluscicidal activities of powders were less potent on snails, but
active according to the World Health Organization. Hexane and ethyl acetate extracts
from leaves and fruits gave potent larvicidal activities with a delay rate exceeding
45.50% (45.50- 98.92%). Phytochemical tests showed that these activities may be
attributed to the presence of triterpenoids and/or sterols.