Effect of elevated ambient temperature at parturition on duration of gestation, ruminal temperature, and endocrine function of fall-calving beef cows1

Wright, Evan; Boehmer, Brit H; Cooper-Prado, M. J.; Bailey, C. L.; Wettemann, R. P.

doi:10.2527/jas.2014-8055

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Nevertheless, our findings were numerically comparable with the studies of Mikláš et al (2019b) who in one dairy herd observed longest gestation lengths in winter and partialy also with the work of Tomasek et al (2017). Some authors explain thesse changes by variable temperatures at calvings, with shortest gestation lengts in summer (Wright et al, 2014). However, we did not confirm this suggestion.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

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The impact of calving season, dams’ parity on milk yield and gestation length of dairy cows

Mikláš

Tančin²,

Sláma³

et al. 2021

Acta fytotechn zootechn

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The purpose of the study was to asses the effect of calving season and dams' parity on milk yield and gestation length of dairy cows. We examined 93 animals of Slovak spotted breed from the farm located in western Slovakia (Lower Váh region), in years 2014-2017. The herds' average 305-d milk yield was 8,133 ±1,380 kg. The calving season was divided into four categories: spring (March to May), summer (June to August), autumn (September to November) and winter (December to February). The factor of dams parity was divided into 4 groups: 1 st parity cows, 2 nd-3 rd parity cows, 4 th and higher parity cows. Calving season affected significantly milk yield of dairy cows (P <0.01). The highest 305-d milk production was oberved in winter calvings (8,942 ±218 kg) and the lowest in spring calvings (7,377 ±287 kg). The gestation length was not signifficantly altered by calving season (P >0.32). Dams' parity was not significantly affected by 305-d milk yield (P >0.22). Nevertheless, the animals on the 4 th and higher lactation were numerically more productive (8,481 ±259 kg) compared to the dairy cows on their 1 st , 2 nd-3 rd lactation (8,123 ±264 kg; 7,884 ±223 kg; resp.). The dams' parity significantly affected gestation length (P <0.02), with the shortest gestation length in 1 st parity dams (278 ±2 days) and the longest gestation in 2 nd-3 rd parity dams (284 ±1 days).To sum up, our results suggest significant role of calving season in relation to milk yield and significant effect of dams' parity on gestation length.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…In terms of gestation length, Wright et al (2014) reported shortening of gestation length due to higher temperatures. Moreover, shorter gestation length may reduce the time of foetal growth, resulting in worsened performance of dams'…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of calving season, dams’ parity on milk yield and gestation length of dairy cows

Mikláš

Tančin²,

Sláma³

et al. 2021

Acta fytotechn zootechn

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“…Heat stress has been linked to fewer mounts per cycle in the summer and a longer interval between mounts [ 149 ]. Cortisol levels increase more prior to calving in August than prior to calving in October and gestation is shorter in summer than in winter [ 150 ].…”

Section: Main Stressors In the Beef Cowmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Stress on Reproduction and Reproductive Technologies in Beef Cattle—A Review

Fernández-Novo¹,

Pérez-Garnelo

Villagrá

et al. 2020

Animals

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Researchers have contributed by increasing our understanding of the factors affecting reproduction in beef, mainly physical health and nutrition aspects, which have been main concerns during decades. Animal welfare is of outmost relevance in all animal production systems and it is strongly associated to stress. Stress responses involve endocrine, paracrine and neural systems and the consequences of this stress on the reproductive efficiency of specifically, beef cattle and bulls, need to be highlighted. We, therefore, describe the fundamentals of stress and its quantification, focusing in beef herds, reviewing the highly valuable pieces of research, already implemented in this field. We examine major factors (stressors) contributing to stress in beef cattle and their effects on the animals, their reproductive performance and the success of reproductive biotechnologies. We include terms such as acclimatization, acclimation or temperament, very relevant in beef systems. We examine specifically the management stress due to handling, social environment and hierarchy or weaning effects; nutritional stress; and thermal stress (not only heat stress) and also review the influence of these stressors on reproductive performance and effectiveness of reproductive biotechnologies in beef herds. A final message on the attention that should be devoted to these factors is highlighted.

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“…However, heat stress can negatively affect reproductive function of beef cows. For example, cows exposed to elevated ambient temperature during late gestation experienced premature onset of parturition due to increased body temperature (Wright et al, 2014). In feedlots, animals experience radiant heat from dirt or concrete surfaces and without appropriate management will show performance loss due to decreased efficiency and feed intake resulting from physiological stress (Mader et al, 2006).…”

Section: Management Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Adaptation of ruminant livestock production systems to climate changes

Henry

Eckard

Beauchemin

2018

Animal

107

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There is growing evidence on the extent to which projected changes in climate, including increases in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, higher temperatures, changes in amount, seasonality and variability of precipitation and increases in extreme weather events, may affect future availability of ruminant animal products. Elements of climate change affect livestock systems through direct impacts on animal physiology, behaviour, production and welfare and indirectly through feed availability, composition and quality. These impacts may be positive or negative and will vary across geographical regions, animal species and with adaptive capacity. However, adverse impacts are likely to be greatest in tropical and sub-tropical regions including countries where both current need and future growth in demand for nutrition is greatest. The complexity of effects means that effective adaptation strategies to mitigate negative impacts on ruminant production systems to climate changes will need to be multi-dimensional. Although predictions of future climate, particularly on regional and local scales, have a degree of uncertainty, adaptation planning is starting to be informed by changes already being observed and adjustments in management being made by farmers to maintain productivity and profitability. Regional case studies illustrate the benefits and limitations of adaptive management: potential mitigation through heightened awareness of heat stress-related mortality in French cattle; evidence of a drop in milk production in south-eastern Australian dairies during a January 2014 heat wave, from the theoretical potential of 53% to only 10% across the state; and limitations in response options to climate-induced thermal, nutritional and water stress for sheep and goat farmers in northern Ethiopia. Review of research on climate change impacts on ruminant livestock and effective adaptation together with evidence of practical adaptive management provide insights into potential strategies and gaps in knowledge to address challenges and improve future decisions.

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Effect of elevated ambient temperature at parturition on duration of gestation, ruminal temperature, and endocrine function of fall-calving beef cows1

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

The impact of calving season, dams’ parity on milk yield and gestation length of dairy cows

The impact of calving season, dams’ parity on milk yield and gestation length of dairy cows

The Effect of Stress on Reproduction and Reproductive Technologies in Beef Cattle—A Review

Review: Adaptation of ruminant livestock production systems to climate changes

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