Effect of electric foot shocks, immobilization, and corticosterone administration on the sleep–wake pattern in the rat

Vázquez-Palacios, Gonzalo; Velázquez‐Moctezuma, Javier

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00285-7

Cited by 60 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These results are consistent with our reported findings (8) and other previous findings (32,33). We also confirmed that psychological stress enhanced total REM sleep without any change of total NREM sleep or total wakefulness (8,9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The Effect of Baclofen on Alterations in the Sleep Patterns Induced by Different Stressors in Rats

Cui

Suemaru

et al. 2009

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. We have previously reported that sleep patterns are significantly affected by both physical and psychological stress induced by a communication box ; however, the mechanism by which stress alters sleep patterns was not established. In the present study, we investigated the role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acting through the GABA B receptor, on stress-induced changes in sleep patterns. Our results show that physical stress increased the total wakefulness time by increasing sleep latency and inhibiting both rapid eye movement (REM) and non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep during a 6 h sleep-recording period. The GABA B agonist baclofen (20 pmol /2 μl) attenuated the effects of physical stress on sleep latency, total wakefulness, and NREM sleep, but not total REM sleep. In contrast, psychological stress enhanced total REM sleep and shortened REM sleep latency without altering other sleep patterns. The effect of psychological stress on total REM sleep was also reversed by baclofen. These results suggest that GABA via GABA B receptors may play a role in the regulation of specific sleep patterns by both physical and psychological stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The Effect of Baclofen on Alterations in the Sleep Patterns Induced by Different Stressors in Rats

Cui

Suemaru

et al. 2009

J Pharmacol Sci

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“…restraint, social isolation, diet restriction, open field exposure) may also result in different changes in sleep architecture (Da Silva et al, 1996;Tang et al, 2004;Vazquez-Palacios and Velazquez-Moctezuma, 2000). The present study attempted to induce an anxiety-state using only various foot-shock paradigms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have demonstrated that homologous structures in the human and rat are involved in fear acquisition, an important aspect of anxiety behavior (Buchel et al, 1998). Numerous other paradigms employ a range of stressors including immobilization, corticosterone administration and open field exposure (Tang et al, 2004;Tang et al, 2007;Vazquez-Palacios and Velazquez-Moctezuma, 2000). All of these techniques and manipulations have significant effects on sleep-wake behavior, but the degree of behavioral stress is often assumed or unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between anxiety and sleep–wake behavior after stressor exposure in the rat

MacLean

Datta

2007

Brain Research

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Disturbed sleep is a common subjective complaint among individuals diagnosed with anxiety disorders. In rodents, sleep is often recorded after exposure to various foot-shock paradigms designed to induce an anxiety state. Although differences in sleep-wake architecture are noted, the relationship to specific level of anxiety is often assumed or absent. Utilizing the elevated plus maze (EPM) after exposure to escapable shock (ES), inescapable shock (IS) or fear conditioning (FC), resulting differences in sleep architecture were compared to an objective measure of anxiety. Male Wistar rats were implanted with EEG, EMG and hippocampal theta electrodes to record sleep-wake behavior. After recovery and recording of baseline sleep, rats were exposed to one of five manipulations: ES, IS, FC, or control (CES or CIS; utilizing either chamber with no shock exposure). Shortly after experimental manipulation, the EPM was employed to quantify traditional and ethological measures of anxiety and polygraphic signs of sleep-wake behavior were recorded continuously for 6h. Although no significance was observed in EPM measurements across groups, profound differences in sleep architecture were present. Individual correlation analysis revealed no differences in anxiety level and total percentage of time spent in sleep-wake states. These results indicate that differences in sleep architecture after foot-shock exposure may not be simply due to increased anxiety. Rather, individual anxiety may be exacerbated by disrupted sleep. To fully understand the relationship between anxiety and sleep-wake behavior, a more objective analysis of anxiety after stressor exposure is mandated.

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“…The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) are stimulated by exogenous and endogenous factors, which may induce stress reactions, thus triggering compensatory physiological responses (1). After the HPA axis and SNS receive stimulatory signals, the secretion of glucocorticoids and catecholamines is increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway on male reproduction in rats subjected to water immersion and restraint stress

Huang

Zhou

Wei

et al. 2016

Molecular Medicine Reports

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The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/Akt/forkhead box (FoxO) signaling pathway on male reproduction in rats subjected to water immersion and restraint stress (WRS). Sperm morphology, sperm malformation rate, and serum testosterone concentration were analyzed following WRS. In addition, the expression levels and immunolocalization of IGF-1, PTEN, Akt and FoxO proteins, as well as the rate of cell apoptosis in rat testes, were investigated. The results indicated that sperm malformation rate, serum testosterone concentration, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells were increased in the testes after WRS. Furthermore, IGF-1 and FoxO1 proteins were predominantly localized in the sperm cytoplasm during the late stages of spermatogenesis. FoxO1 protein was also localized in Leydig cell cytoplasm. PTEN and total Akt proteins were predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and spermatogonia. PTEN protein was also detected in vascular endothelial cells. In addition, IGF-1, PTEN, Akt1, Akt2, FoxO3 and FoxO4 gene expression levels were upregulated following WRS, and peaked after 7 h of WRS. During the recovery period, the expression levels of these genes gradually returned to normal levels. The present study demonstrated that WRS induced sperm damage in the testes. In addition, the results indicated that the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway may serve an anti-stress role in the testes of rats subjected to WRS.

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Effect of electric foot shocks, immobilization, and corticosterone administration on the sleep–wake pattern in the rat

Cited by 60 publications

References 25 publications

The Effect of Baclofen on Alterations in the Sleep Patterns Induced by Different Stressors in Rats

The Effect of Baclofen on Alterations in the Sleep Patterns Induced by Different Stressors in Rats

The relationship between anxiety and sleep–wake behavior after stressor exposure in the rat

Effects of the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway on male reproduction in rats subjected to water immersion and restraint stress

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