Effect of electric field polarization and temperature on the effective permittivity and conductivity of porous anodic aluminium oxide membranes

Abstract

Porous insulators offer new opportunities for the controlled guest–host synthesis of nanowires for future integrated circuits characterized by low propagation delay, crosstalk and power consumption. We propose a method to estimate the effect of the electric field polarization and temperature on the electrical properties of different types of synthesized porous anodic aluminium oxide membranes. It results that the effective permittivity along the pore axis is generally 20% higher than the one in the orthogonal direction. The type of solution and the voltage level applied during anodization are the main parameters affecting the AAO templates characteristics, i.e. their porosity and chemical content. The values of permittivity of the final material, are typically in the range 2.6–3.2 for large pore diameter membranes including phosphorus element and having a low water content, and in the range 3.5–4 for the ones with smaller pores, and showing sulphur element incorporation. Moreover, the dc conductivity of the different membranes appears to be correlated to the pore density

Electrophoretic impregnation of porous anodic aluminum oxide film by silica nanoparticles

“…So, the increase of the electrolyte temperature increases the dissolution rate and leads to the formation of wider pores [19]. Also, the pore densities of this study are close to the values obtained under similar operating conditions and presented in other works [20,21].…”

Thermal Hardening and Defects in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Obtained in Oxalic Acid: Implications for the Template Synthesis of Low-Dimensional Nanostructures

“…The most common anodization electrolytes are sulfuric, 15 oxalic, 16 and phosphoric acid. 17 Two main methods of anodization have been established, which are termed hard anodization (HA) and mild anodization (MA). Anodization in oxalic acid has gained importance due to its capability to produce a large variety of pore diameters and film thicknesses, depending on the anodization voltage.…”

“…The mechanical and optical properties of AAO depend on the anodization conditions, i.e., voltage and the type of electrolyte used. The most common anodization electrolytes are sulfuric, oxalic, and phosphoric acid . Two main methods of anodization have been established, which are termed hard anodization (HA) and mild anodization (MA).…”

An Analysis of the Electrolyte Resistivity Effect on the Pore Diameter and Pore Density of Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO) Films Produced by Single-Step Anodization

“…An Analysis of the Electrolyte Resistivity Effect on the Pore Diameter and Pore Density of Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO) Films Produced by Single-step Anodization many researchers have worked on the porous AAO phenomenon on aluminum and its alloys. They have reported porous AAO formed on anodized aluminum with pore diameters in the range of 13273 nm and pore densities of 10 13 pores/cm 2 (Bartolomé et al, 2006;Gao et al, 2008;Tamburrano et al, 2011).…”

“…The mechanism of porous AAO formation is still debated; previous reports have attributed it to the dynamic equilibrium of aluminum oxide formation and local field-assisted aluminum oxide dissolution (barrier layer dissolution; Vrublevsky et al, 2006;Sulka, 2008;Chung et al, 2011;Kikuchi et al, 2014). Many studies have shown that porous AAO morphology, such as pore diameter, pore wall thickness, porosity, interpore distance, and pore density, can be controlled simply by varying the anodizing parameters (Sulka & Parkoła 2007;Belwalkar et al, 2008;Chung et al, 2011;Tamburrano et al, 2011;Theohari & Kontogeorgou, 2013;Zaraska et al 2013). Temperature plays an important role during the anodizing process and significantly affects the morphology of porous AAO (Sulka & Parkoła, 2007;Theohari & Kontogeorgou, 2013).…”