Effect of educational guidelines based on health belief model regarding testicular cancer knowledge, practice and beliefs among male nursing students

Abstract

Background: Testicular cancer is considered one of the most important health threats in a young men’s life. However, it is easily detected at an early stage by periodic testicular self-examination (TSE). Awareness of testicular cancer and TSE among university students is very important to aid in early detection and improve health belief. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of educational guidelines based on health belief model regarding testicular cancer knowledge, practice and beliefs among male nursing students.Methods: Design: A quasi experimental study design was used and data were collected from Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University. Sample: Proportion stratified random sample of 160 from 500 undergraduate male nursing students were selected as following: about one third of male students from total number of them in different years in the faculty (first, second, third and fourth year). Tools: Three tools were used for data collection. Tool (I): Structure questionnaire sheet to assess students knowledge regarding testicular cancer; Tool (II): Self-reported practices regarding TSE; and Tool (III): Beliefs of students regarding testicular cancer and TSE by Using Health Belief Model (HBM).Results: The results of this study showed that there were significant improvements among students ’knowledge and selfreported practice about testicular cancer & TSE post 3-month and 6-month from educational guidelines, Furthermore, there was improvement in the positive health beliefs about behavioral changes regarding prevention of testicular cancer was observed post 6-month from implementing educational guidelines.Conclusion and Recommendation: These results indicated that educational guidelines about testicular cancer and TSE training are effective in improving knowledge, practice and health belief of young men, but TSE training should be repeated periodically for better efficacy. University faculties should create knowledge and organize workshops about TSE for students and encourage them to perform it regularly.

Escala del modelo de creencias de salud en español para el cáncer y la autoexploración testicular

“…Como se muestra en el cuadro 2, todas creencias de salud para el cáncer y la autoexploración testicular, lo cual permite tener un instrumento para la evaluación e intervención sobre este comportamiento. Algunos estudios muestran que las intervenciones basadas en el modelo de creencias pueden ser efectivas en mejorar el conocimiento y la práctica de la AT y disminuir las barreras y mejorar la autoeficacia percibida; los resultados pueden mantenerse durante 3 a 6 meses (27)(28). Este estudio muestra algunas limitaciones como que la población tiene un nivel educativo alto y solo son de universidades públicas.…”

Investigating Saudi Nursing Students’ Health Beliefs about Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Health Belief Model

“…Nursing students are an important population to study as they are the future healthcare providers who will be responsible for educating patients about self-examination practices and promoting preventative health behaviours (Avci and Altinel, 2018;El Mezayen and Abd El-Hay, 2019;Ustundag, 2019). However, studies have shown that nursing students also lack knowledge and awareness of TC and TSE (Ahmed et al, 2019;El Mezayen and Abd El-Hay, 2019).…”

“…Nursing students are an important population to study as they are the future healthcare providers who will be responsible for educating patients about self-examination practices and promoting preventative health behaviours (Avci and Altinel, 2018;El Mezayen and Abd El-Hay, 2019;Ustundag, 2019). However, studies have shown that nursing students also lack knowledge and awareness of TC and TSE (Ahmed et al, 2019;El Mezayen and Abd El-Hay, 2019). A study conducted in Saudi Arabia revealed that nursing students had poor knowledge and incorrect beliefs about TC and TSE, and this lack of knowledge was identified as a significant barrier to providing effective patient education (Alamri et al, 2021;Salati et al, 2020).…”

“…Nursing education plays a significant role in preparing nurses to provide comprehensive care for clients with TC. This includes developing their communication and counseling skills, as well as ensuring they have sufficient knowledge and understanding of TC and self-examination (Ahmed et al, 2019;Akca et al, 2021;El Mezayen and Abd El-Hay, 2019). Previous studies evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nursing students toward TC and found that there was a lack of knowledge and a negative attitude toward TSE.…”

“…Previous studies evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nursing students toward TC and found that there was a lack of knowledge and a negative attitude toward TSE. By understanding the health beliefs and practices related to TSE among nursing students, interventions can be developed to improve knowledge and awareness about TC and self-examination (Akca et al, 2021;El Mezayen and Abd El-Hay, 2019).…”