Effect of disposal of aluminum recycling waste in soil and water bodies

Shinzato, Mirian Chieko; Hypólito, Raphael

doi:10.1007/s12665-016-5438-3

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This floating skin over liquid Al is called aluminum dross and consists mainly of aluminum oxide, metallic aluminum, magnesium spinel, periclase, and quartz [ 6 , 7 ]. There are two types of Al dross: (I) White Dross (the primary dross), which is formed during the primary production of aluminum (mainly aluminum ingots), containing approximately 15–80% metallic aluminum, 20–85% aluminum oxide, and 5% salts, and (II) Black Dross (the secondary dross), which is a by-product of the secondary production of aluminum, containing 7–50% metallic aluminum, 30–50% aluminum oxide, and 30–50% salt flux [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Each year, the world aluminum industry produces approximately four million tonnes (Mt) of Aluminum White Dross (AWD) and more than a million tonnes of Aluminum Black Dross (ABD), and around 95% of this material (ABD) is landfilled [ 4 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags

et al. 2021

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The aluminothermic reduction process of manganese oxide from different slags by aluminum was investigated using pure Al and two types of industrial Al dross. Two types of MnO-containing slags were used: a synthetic highly pure CaO-MnO slag and an industrial high carbon ferromanganese slag. Mixtures of Al and slag with more Al than the stoichiometry were heated and interacted in an induction furnace up to 1873 K, yielding molten metal and slag products. The characterization of the produced metal and slag phases indicated that the complete reduction of MnO occurs via the aluminothermic process. Moreover, as the Al content in the charge was high, it also completely reduced SiO2 in the industrial ferromanganese slag. A small mass transport of Ca and Mg into the metal phase was also observed, which was shown to be affected by the slag chemistry. The obtained results indicated that the valorization of both Al dross and FeMn slag in a single process for the production of Mn, Mn-Al, and Mn-Al-Si alloys is possible. Moreover, the energy balance for the process indicated that the energy consumption of the process to produce Mn-Al alloys via the proposed process is insignificant due to the highly exothermic reactions at high temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags

et al. 2021

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“…More salt substance, e.g., > 40%, stood out from the white dross. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Aluminum dross is a potential toxic industrial waste inevitably generated in aluminum smelter plants. The safe disposal of Al dross as a waste is a burden to the aluminum industry because improper disposal affects the eco-system by contaminating surface and ground water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Recovery from White Aluminum Dross by a Mechanically Activated Phase Separation and Remelting Process

Kudyba

Akhtar

Johansen

et al. 2021

JOM

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The aluminum recovery from white aluminum dross by a mechanical treatment and sizing followed by remelting process was investigated. The dross was subjected to a ball mill, and the obtained particles were sized in different ranges. They were studied by advanced materials characterization techniques. It was found that the larger particles contain high metallic portions, and most non-metallic components of the dross are in the fine fraction < 1 mm. The Al-rich particles (> 1 mm) were remelted at 900°C to recover aluminum. It was found that the metal structure after remelting is homogeneous and consisted of a dominant metallic aluminum matrix, containing an average of > 96% Al with around 99% total metallic components. The results show that the applied method is a good economic alternative for the aluminum recovery from white dross, which is important for the valorization/recycling of industrial waste and circular economy.

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“…Aluminum Black Dross (ABD) consists of a low amount of metal substance and is formed at secondary aluminum production routes. ABD involves a mix of aluminum oxides and slag, with recoverable aluminum content is in the range 12-18% and a greater amount of salt substance; for instance, greater than 40% stood out from white dross [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Each year, the world's aluminum industry produces approximately four million tons (Mt) of AWD [3,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Aluminum Dross with Copper via High Temperature Melting to Produce Al-Cu Alloys

et al. 2021

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The valorization of aluminum dross for Al recovery was performed via its mixing with metallic copper to produce Al-Cu alloys. This approach was with the intention of establishing a new smelting process to treat the dross with Cu scrap use. To evaluate the high temperature interaction of the materials, the wettability of a Cu-containing aluminum alloy with the non-metallic components of the dross was studied by the sessile drop method. It was found that the wetting was weak via temperature changes at 973–1373 K, and consequently no proper metal separation occurred. To better separate the metallic and non-metallic phases with larger density differences, a higher Cu portion was considered to obtain a significantly denser metallic phase, and it was found that partial separation of the Al in an Al-Cu alloy is possible. The complete separation of the metallic components of the dross was, however, experienced by the dross and copper melting with the addition of pre-melted calcium aluminate slags at elevated temperatures. It was found that Al-Cu alloys were produced and separated from the adjacent slags, and the aluminum oxide of the dross ended up in the slag phase. Moreover, the characteristics of the produced slags depend on the process charge.

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Effect of disposal of aluminum recycling waste in soil and water bodies

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags

Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags

Aluminum Recovery from White Aluminum Dross by a Mechanically Activated Phase Separation and Remelting Process

Valorization of Aluminum Dross with Copper via High Temperature Melting to Produce Al-Cu Alloys

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