Effect of Dillenia Indica L. Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mice Model

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the antihyperglycemic and antioxidative properties of Dillenia indica fruits.Methods: Aqueous fruit extract and methanolic fruit extract (MFE) were prepared, and preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out. Diabetic mice were prepared with alloxan (150 mg/kg) body weight (b.w.). Antihyperglycemic study of short duration was carried out with doses (150–550) mg/kg b.w. of MFE in diabetic mice. Antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase) activity assays and histopathological analysis were done in heart tissue of mice.Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the phytoconstituents were strongly present in the MFE and therefore was considered for further studies. From the antihyperglycemic study, it was found that 350 mg/kg b.w. dose was the most effective in reduction of blood glucose level. A significant increase in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes was observed in the MFE-treated group. From the histopathological studies, it was observed that detrimental effects of oxidative stress were attenuated in the treated group.Conclusion: Concluding the studies, it could be ascertained that D. indica fruits were found to be quite effective in proving its potential against hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, and therefore, the fruits could be considered to be of therapeutic value in diabetes.

Therapeutic Benefit of Dillenia indica in Diabetes and Its Associated Complications

“…Hyperglycemia causes an increase in glucose flux and other sugars through the polyol pathway, thereby increasing advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) intracellularly [45]. Evidence from various studies also indicated that hyperglycemia and elevated levels of AGEs may enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress [46–48]. Alcohol and hydroalcohol extract of Dillenia indica was evaluated for its in vitro inhibitory activity against AGE formation by using bovine serum albumin.…”

“…The methanolic fruit extract (MEF) of Dillenia indica was administered to mice at a dose range of 150–550 mg/kg b.w. The study found that 350 mg/kg dose of MFE was found to be effective in alleviating the blood glucose level as well as oxidative stress [48]. Another study also showed that alcoholic extract of Dillenia indica (DAE) and isolated compound, chromane, showed high scavenging activity towards hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion, along with high reducing power activity [26].…”

Antinociceptive Effect of Dillenia indica (Linn.) Mediated by Opioid and Cannabinoid Systems: Pharmacological and Chemical Studies

“…[4,5] Some known flavonoids were identified in the fruit extract, being evidenced as responsible for xanthine inhibitory properties, [6] in addition to proanthocyanidins with potent antioxidant activity. [7] Several recent studies with fruit extracts of D. indica have evidenced diverse in vivo medicinal properties, including attenuation of cardiomyopathy, [8] hyperglycemia and modulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis, [9] and prevention of sucrose-induced fatty liver and biochemical alterations. [10] Moreover, fruit extracts have been reported for their cytotoxic effects against oral squamous cell carcinoma [11] and, antibacterial and antimutagenic properties (Jaiswal, S.; 2014).…”

Aqueous Extract of Dillenia indica Fruit (AEDI): A Sustainable Biocatalyst for the Synthesis of Pharmacologically Important Bis(indolyl)methanes

“…Numerous research groups have conducted thorough pharmacogenetic and phytochemical studies in light of the plant's therapeutic potentials. [84][85][86] Its fruits are of particular interest, and are known to possess anti-oxidant [87] and anti-leukemic [88] activities, which are attributed respectively to the rich phenolic contents and the presence of betulinic acid. The acidic catalyst properties of the aqueous extract are demonstrated by its pH, which ranges between 3 and 4.…”

“…Elephant apple, scientifically known as Dillenia indica , is a highly valued medicinal plant that is often found in the northeast of India and the foothills of the Himalayas. Numerous research groups have conducted thorough pharmacogenetic and phytochemical studies in light of the plant‘s therapeutic potentials [84–86] . Its fruits are of particular interest, and are known to possess anti‐oxidant [87] and anti‐leukemic [88] activities, which are attributed respectively to the rich phenolic contents and the presence of betulinic acid.…”