Effect of different oxidants on polyaniline/single walled carbon nanotubes composites synthesized via ultrasonically initiated in-situ chemical polymerization

Gull, Nafisa; Khan, Shahzad Maqsood; Islam, Atif; Zia, Saba; Shafiq, Muhammad; Sabir, Aneela; Munawar, Muhammad Azeem; Butt, Muhammad Taqi Zahid; Jamil, Tahir

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.12.048

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Often, the synthesis methods used for the preparation of the PANI/CNTs composites were: (i) chemical polymerization of ANI in the presence of CNTs and different oxidative mixtures such as FeCl 3 11 , K 2 Cr 2 O 7 and H 2 SO 4 21 , H 2 O 2 22 and (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 22 ; (ii) ANI electropolymerization in different acid media such as HCl and H 2 SO 4 6 and (iii) the chemical interaction of PANI with CNTs 22 . A sustained effort was focused on understanding the optical properties of composite materials based on PANI and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as well as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) 6 , 10 – 16 , 21 , 22 . Depending on the weight of the two entities in the repeating units of PANI, i.e., reduced (labeled R, this having benzene rings and amine groups) and oxidized (labeled O, consisting of quinoid rings and imine groups), three molecular structures were reported: leucoemeraldine (R = 1, O = 0), emeraldine (R = O = 1) and pernigraniline (R = 0, O = 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These molecular structures for PANI in un-doped/doped states were known as leucoemeraldine base/salt (LB/LS), emeraldine base/salt (EB/ES) and pernigraniline base/salt (PB/PS). We note that the majority of studies reported to date have been performed only on SWNT samples which consisted of a mixture of 33% metallic tubes and 66% semiconducting tubes (labeled M + S-SWNTs) 6 , 21 , 22 . To a better understanding of the motivation for the topic addressed in this paper, a brief overview of the vibrational properties of PANI/M + S-SWNT composites, reported up to the present, is described in the following: (i) according to the studies of surface enhanced Raman scattering and IR absorption spectroscopy, the ANI in-situ chemical polymerization in the presence of CNTs and H 2 SO 4 involves a charge transfer between the two constituents, when the generation of a PANI doped with anion radicals of the SWNT’s fragments was demonstrated 21 ; (ii) significant steric hindrance effects were invoked by IR absorption spectroscopy as a result of covalent functionalization of M + S-SWNTs with PANI-salt in the presence of an HCl medium 6 ; (iii) according to early IR absorption studies, the chemical interaction of the PANI-salt/M + S-SWNT composites with the NH 4 OH solution induces an internal redox reaction when a change occurs in the macromolecular compound from a semi-oxidized state to a reduced state, and the PANI-base is obtained 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyaniline photoluminescence quenching induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes enriched in metallic and semiconducting tubes

Baibarac

Matea

Daescu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The influence of single-walled carbon nanotubes enriched in semiconductor (S-SWNTs) and metallic (M-SWNTs) tubes on the photoluminescence (PL) of polyaniline (PANI), electrosynthesized in the presence of the H2SO4 and HCl solutions, is reported. The emission bands peaked at 407–418 and 440–520 nm indicate that the electropolymerization of aniline (ANI) leads to the formation of short and longer macromolecular chains (MCs), respectively. We demonstrate that the reaction product consists of ANI tetramers (TT) and trimers (TR) as well as PANI-salt. Using Raman scattering and IR absorption spectroscopy, a covalent functionalization of SWNTs with shorter and longer MCs of PANI-salt is demonstrated. The presence of S-SWNTs and M-SWNTs induces a decrease in ANI TT weight in the reaction product mass consisting in S-SWNTs and M-SWNTs covalently functionalized with PANI-emeraldine salt (ES) and PANI-leucoemeraldine salt (LS), respectively. A PANI PL quenching is reported to be induced of the S-SWNTs and M-SWNTs. A de-excitation mechanism is proposed to explain PANI PL quenching.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline photoluminescence quenching induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes enriched in metallic and semiconducting tubes

Baibarac

Matea

Daescu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…PANI is an important conducting polymer matrix for composites containing MWCNTs as fillers due to its facile synthesis, strong intermolecular interactions, and enhanced optical, electrochemical and electrical properties. It is much promising over other conducting polymers because its conductivity is tunable by protonation or charge transfer doping . However, it has been reported that PANI gradually shows insulating behavior at pH ≥ 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline/silver decorated‐MWCNT composites with enhanced electrical and thermal properties

et al. 2016

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Conducting polyaniline (PANI) composites reinforced with pristine Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and silver decorated MWCNTs (Ag‐MWCNTs) were fabricated via in situ polymerization method. These composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), conductivity measurements and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FTIR and UV‐Vis spectra confirmed the successful polymerization of aniline on the surface of Ag‐MWCNTs. SEM showed uniform dispersion of MWCNTs into PANI matrix with a few coarse patches. Studies of electrical conductivity revealed that Ag‐MWCNT, as filler, is more effective in enhancing the electrical conductivity of PANI. The maximum conductivity of PANI/Ag‐MWCNTs composites was almost two times, i.e., 11.9 Scm−1 for composites having only 2% fillers as compared to that of PANI/MWCNTs having 4% filler, i.e., 5.7 Scm−1. Thus, PANI/Ag‐MWCNTs composites are thermally more stable than PANI/MWCNTs composites due to better interaction between PANI and Ag‐MWCNTs. The results of TGA suggest that PANI‐MWCNTs composites showed 12 to 15% higher weight loss than that of PANI/Ag‐MWCNTs composites. Also, PANI had lower thermal stability than its composites with MWCNTs and Ag‐MWCNTs. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E1346–E1353, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…[15][16][17][18] Among all the potential materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely studied considering their promising electric properties owing to their nano-scale texture, high surface area and low cost. [19][20][21][22][23][24] The surface modification of CNTs by conducting polymers has been exploited by the researchers due to their relatively lower specific capacitance and poor energy density issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Evaluation of Flexible Micro‐Supercapacitor from MWCNTs‐Ag Nanohybrid‐Sulfonated PANI Nanocomposite Embedded PVA‐TEOS Membrane

et al. 2021

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The flexible nanocomposite membranes were developed by incorporating the multiwalled carbon nanotubes-silver nanoparticle-sulfonated polyaniline (MWCNTsÀ Ag-SPANI) nanocomposite in TEOS crosslinked PVA matrix. The physicochemical properties of the resulting ternary nanocomposite membranes were investigated systematically by different techniques. The electrochemical performance of all the nanocomposites was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The nanocomposite containing 1 : 1 weight ratios exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 572.8 F g À 1 with energy density of 79.5 Wh kg À 1 and power density of 9.9 kW kg À 1 . A remarkable electrochemical performance of ternary nanocom-posite was associated due to the synergistic effect of MWCNTs, SPANI and Ag nanoparticles. Around 83.5 % capacitance retention was found even after 2500 cycles, revealing that nanocomposite exhibited an excellent stability. Considering these superior performances, a micro-supercapacitor device was fabricated from the developed nanocomposite membrane and evaluated its electrochemical performance. The fabricated micro-supercapacitor device showed specific capacitance of 60.95 F g À 1 , energy density of 7.46 Wh kg À 1 and power density of 67.81 W kg À 1 at a current density of 5.0 mA g À 1 . Furthermore, the fabrication method adopted here could be easily applied to large-scale fabrication of flexible light-weight micro-supercapacitor devices.

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Effect of different oxidants on polyaniline/single walled carbon nanotubes composites synthesized via ultrasonically initiated in-situ chemical polymerization

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Polyaniline photoluminescence quenching induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes enriched in metallic and semiconducting tubes

Polyaniline photoluminescence quenching induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes enriched in metallic and semiconducting tubes

Polyaniline/silver decorated‐MWCNT composites with enhanced electrical and thermal properties

Fabrication and Evaluation of Flexible Micro‐Supercapacitor from MWCNTs‐Ag Nanohybrid‐Sulfonated PANI Nanocomposite Embedded PVA‐TEOS Membrane

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