Effect of different modes of pollination on quantitative and qualitative parameters of Egyptian Clover, Trifolium alexandrinum L.

Abstract

Abstract:The effect of different modes of pollination on quantitative and qualitative parameters of Egyptian clover, Trifolium alexandrinum L. was studied at Forage Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2012 and 2013. Maximum seed setting (81.5%) was recorded in A. mellifera pollination with an 8 frame colony (BP-8F) followed by 4 frame colony (BP-4F) (75.1%), open pollination (OP) (73.8%) and 2 frame colony (BP-2F) (71.5%). Maximum seed yield (2662.3 seeds) was observed in treatment BP-8F followed by BP-4F (2373.8), OP (2316.3) and BP-2F (2235.5). Still lower yield of 2103.0 seeds was found in hand pollination (HP) treatment that was significantly higher than the without insect pollination (WIP) treatment (1114.2). Minimum 1000-seed weight was observed in WIP (2.64 g). The seed weight of BP-4F (3.30), HP (3.20), BP-2F (3.17) and OP (3.03), the heaviest seeds were recorded in BP-8F (3.62 g/1000 grains) and it was at par with the treatment BP-4F (3.30 g). Highest seed germination per cent was recorded in BP-8F (94.7) followed by OP (90.7%). Lowest germination was found in WIP (84.7%). Though some work has been done on this aspect in India but comprehensive pollination studies has not been worked out.

Effect of Pollination by Honey Bees on Seed Yield and Its Attributes in Egyptian Clover (Trifolium aalexandrinum L.)

“…Our results here were harmony with these gained by Free, 1993 who revealed that higher 1000-seed weight heads in bee pollination plots by 13.8 g compared to 0.2 g in without insect pollination but was significantly lower in op 6.1 g. Also, Jat et al (2014) involved the treatment BP-4F, BP-2F and op significantly heavier than without insect pollination (3.30, 3.17 and 3.03 g, respectively) in seed weight.…”

“…The obtained data are in agreement with what reported by Jat et al (2014) and Bondok et al (2016) whom mentioned that, high seed setting may be attributed to the role of honeybees density per unit area as an agent of pollination where honey bees are the major factor causing seed setting in the Egyptian clover.…”

“…Similarly, Singh et al (2012) revealed the highest seed setting was under open pollination condition (62.46%) and and the lowest without insect pollination (40.33%). Jat et al (2014) found the seed setting percentage was the lowest under no insect pollinators (34.06%), but it increased under bee pollination (81.4%). Also, Bondok et al (2016) reported that the seed setting percent was minimum in treatments under no insect pollinators (25.7%) and maximum in treatments with bee pollination (80.5%).…”

“…These results agree with Singh et al 2012 revealed that increased seed germination by 7.1-11.8 per cent. Also, Jat et al (2014) recorded the highest germination from O.P plots (90.67%), caged with 4-frame A. mellifera colony (88.67%) and the lowest in without insect pollination plots (80%). Similarly, Bondok et al 2016 found the lowest seed germination (38.5%) in WHP.…”

​Bio-efficacy of Chemical Insecticides and Biopesticides against Gram Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and Spotted Pod Borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer) on Greengram, [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

“…The minimum seed yield of (5.26 q ha -1 ) was obtained in the plots treated with B. bassiana 1.15 WP followed by the treatment neem leaf extract (6.10 q ha -1 ) which was found statistically at par with each other. Jat et al (2012), Chandel et al (2014), Sharma et al (2014) reported that the highest yield was recorded in spinosad 0.01 per cent followed by indoxacarb 0.01 per cent plot.…”