Effect of different fat-enriched meats on non-cholesterol sterols and oxysterols as markers of cholesterol metabolism: Results of a randomized and cross-over clinical trial

Baila-Rueda, Lucía; Mateo-Gállego, Rocío; Pérez-Calahorra, Sofía; Lamíquiz-Moneo, Itziar; Castro-Orós, Isabel De; Cenarro, Ana; Civeira, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2015.06.008

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, the structure of non-cholesterol sterol in serum is similar to that of cholesterol, but the content of non-cholesterol sterol is much lower than that of cholesterol. The results of the present study are consistent with the report by Baila-Rueda et al [ 12 ], in which the sum average value of 6 non-cholesterol sterols was 0.995 mg/dL (0.814, 1.171), which is about 0.672% (0.549%, 0.800%) of the total cholesterol in healthy individuals. Only Hamilton et al [ 13 ] reported that the high and low values of lathosterol were measured according to circadian rhythm (5.50±1.52 [SD] umol/L, 6.18±1.80 [SD] umol/L), and the values were much higher in infants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Gas Chromatography and Flame-Ionization Detection of Non-Cholesterol Sterols as Indicators of Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis in 158 Chinese Individuals with Normolipidemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Med Sci Monit

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Background There are limited studies on the effects of cholesterol homeostasis in populations at high risk for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to use gas chromatography and flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) of non-cholesterol sterols as indicators of cholesterol absorption and synthesis. Sterol indicators of cholesterol absorption included campesterol, stigmasterol, and sitosterol. Sterol indicators of cholesterol synthesis included squalene, 7-lathosterol, and desmosterol. Material/Methods A total of 158 participants were enrolled in 3 groups: healthy control (n=64), hyperlipidemia (n=69), and familial hypercholesterolemia (FH, n=25). Age, sex, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipoprotein were collected, and cholesterol absorption and synthesis markers were determined by GC-FID. Results All 6 cholesterol concentration indicators, except squalene, were significantly different among the 3 groups (all P <0.05); whereas in the ratio to cholesterol (%, sterols/cholesterol), only desmosterol and lathosterol were significantly different ( P <0.05). Multifactorial regression analysis showed that triglycerides, total cholesterol, and desmosterol were independent risk factors affecting the development of hyperlipidemia ( P <0.05). The efficacy of the ROC curve for the diagnosis of dyslipidemia was also higher for all 3 indices (Model 1, AUC=0.960). Model 1 was superior to Model 2 for the 6 indicators of cholesterol. For the FH and dyslipidemia groups, the 6-indicator model (Model 3) was shown to have a good diagnostic value (AUC=1.000). Conclusions The 6 sterol indicators of cholesterol absorption and synthesis had a dynamic course in all study participants. Desmosterol was an indicator of dyslipidemia. The combined use of the 6 sterol indicators differentiated between healthy individuals and patients with dyslipidemia and FH.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Gas Chromatography and Flame-Ionization Detection of Non-Cholesterol Sterols as Indicators of Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis in 158 Chinese Individuals with Normolipidemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Med Sci Monit

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“…A wash-out period of 7 days was performed between exercise challenges, after which participants crossed over to the alternate diet sequence. Study period length was selected in order to reach complete normalization of post prandial inflammation and plasma lipid level markers and to avoid carry-over of the exercise immune response, accordingly to previous published studies [ 18 , 21 ]. Baseline physical activity and diet were assessed during the 7 days washing-out period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial)

Silva

Moreira

Sokhatska

et al. 2018

Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications

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BackgroundThe effect of a pre-exercise meal as countermeasure to exercise induced immunodepression is poorly known. Also, sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk but studies on immune changes are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to assess: 1) the impact of a pre-exercise Mediterranean meal (MdM) compared with a fast-food type meal (FFM) on exercise-induced immunological changes and 2) the impact of an induced acute period of sedentary behavior on neuro-immune-endocrine status.Methods/Design: This is a two steps clinical trial including: (a) randomized crossover clinical trial, comparing the effect a high-fat/low-nutrient dense meal, FFM, with an isoenergetic similar high-nutrient dense meal, MdM, in the immune response to an exercise challenge (EC) and (b) a pilot trial assessing the neuro-immune-endocrine change induced by acute decreasing by half the usual physical activity level.ResultsA total of 46 participants (26 females), median aged 25 years were included. Of those 39-completed protocol, including overweight, physical active and inactive and participants with asthma. There were no differences in the EC between interventions. Dietary factors and physical activity were closely monitored during interventions and kept similar. During physical inactivity induction, 31% reached the target of 50% reduction in mean step number and 77% reached a 30% reduction.ConclusionThe use of a pre-exercise meal to modulate immune response and the understanding of the immunological impact of physical inactivity might help to establish future recommendations on how to practice exercise in a safer way and to recognize the potential impact of inactivity.

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“…A wash-out period of 7 days was performed after which participants crossed over to the alternate sequence ( Fig 1 ). Study length was selected to reach complete normalization of post prandial inflammation and plasma lipid levels and avoid carry-over of the exercise response[19, 20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the effect of a Mediterranean compared with a Fast Food meal on the exercise induced adipokine changes? A randomized cross-over clinical trial

et al. 2019

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Background Adipose tissue-derived adipokines are pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in metabolic-related diseases and can be influenced by diet and exercise. We aimed to compare the effect of a Mediterranean (MdM) compared with Fast Food (FFM) meal on the exercise induced adipokines changes. Methods In a double blinded cross over trial, 46 participants were randomly assigned to one of two standardized iso-energy pre-exercise meals: FFM or MdM-type. Three hours after each meal, participants completed a treadmill exercise test (EC). Serum adiponectin, resistin, PAI-1, lipocalin-2/NGAL and adipsin were determined by Luminex magnetic bead immunoassay. Wilcoxon signed rank test compared changes before/after meal and before/after EC and a linear mixed model evaluated the effect of meals on the adipokine response to exercise, adjusted for confounders. Results Thirty-nine participants (mean age of 25, with a standard deviation of 5 years) completed the trial (56% females). For both interventions, a significant reduction of adipsin after each meal and a significant increase of lipocalin, PAI-1, adipsin and resistin, after exercise was observed. When exercise was preceded by a MdM meal a higher increase in adipsin levels was seen. Conclusion Acute exercise induced an increase of circulatory levels of adipsin, resistin, lipocalin and PAI-1, but not adiponectin. A pre-exercise Mediterranean meal potentiated the increase of adipsin after the exercise test, which possibly relates to the immune regulatory role of adipsin. These changes suggest a cross-talk between the immune and metabolic immediate response to exercise and its modulation by the pre-exercise diet composition.

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Effect of different fat-enriched meats on non-cholesterol sterols and oxysterols as markers of cholesterol metabolism: Results of a randomized and cross-over clinical trial

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Gas Chromatography and Flame-Ionization Detection of Non-Cholesterol Sterols as Indicators of Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis in 158 Chinese Individuals with Normolipidemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Gas Chromatography and Flame-Ionization Detection of Non-Cholesterol Sterols as Indicators of Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis in 158 Chinese Individuals with Normolipidemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial)

What is the effect of a Mediterranean compared with a Fast Food meal on the exercise induced adipokine changes? A randomized cross-over clinical trial

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