Effect of Different Constituent Fiber, Resin, and Sizing Combinations on Alkaline Resistance of Basalt, Carbon, and Glass FRP Bars

Benmokrane, Brahim; Hassan, Mohamed; Robert, Mathieu; Vijay, P. V.; Manalo, Allan

doi:10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0001009

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Studies by [ 57 ] showed that CFRP bars offered the highest tensile strength retention after conditioning in an alkaline environment for three months at 60 °C, followed by BFRP bars, then GFRP bars. However, the authors found that the alkali resistance of different FRP bars is sensitive to the type of resin, fiber, and manufacturing method.…”

Section: Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Reinforced with Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) Bars: Towards Sustainable Infrastructure

2021

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Reducing the fingerprint of infrastructure has become and is likely to continue to be at the forefront of stakeholders’ interests, including engineers and researchers. It necessary that future buildings produce minimal environmental impact during construction and remain durable for as long as practicably possible. The use of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars as a replacement for carbon steel is reviewed in this article by examining the literature from the past two decades with an emphasis on flexural strength, serviceability, and durability. The provisions of selected design and construction guides for flexural members are presented, compared, and discussed. The bond of BFRP bars to the surrounding concrete was reportedly superior to carbon steel when BFRP was helically wrapped and sand coated. Experimental studies confirmed that a bond coefficient kb = 0.8, which is superior to carbon steel, may be assumed for sand-coated BFRP ribbed bars that are helically wrapped, as opposed to the conservative value of 1.4 suggested by ACI440.1R-15. Code-based models overestimate the cracking load for BFRP-reinforced beams, but they underestimate the ultimate load. Exposure to an alkaline environment at temperatures as high as 60 °C caused a limited reduction in bond strength of BFRP. The durability of BFRP bars is influenced by the type of resin and sizing used to produce the bars.

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Section: Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GFRP bars made with E-glass fibers, in particular, exhibited the highest inter-laminar shear strength retention after exposure to an alkaline environment, compared to BFRP and CFRP. Alkaline resistance of BFRP bars made of polyurethane and epoxy resins is better than alkaline resistance when vinyl ester resin is used [ 57 ].…”

Section: Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Reinforced with Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) Bars: Towards Sustainable Infrastructure

2021

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“…Plenty of efforts have been devoted to the corrosion-resistant property of the FRP bars [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Aggressive solutions, such as saline, acid and alkaline solutions are commonly adopted to simulate the corrosive environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dependent Seismic Performance of Coastal Bridges Reinforced with Hybrid FRP and Steel Bars

et al. 2022

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To increase the durability and seismic resilience of coastal bridges, a hybrid reinforced concrete (HRC) bridge that incorporates both glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars and steel bars is proposed. The time-dependent seismic performance of the HRC bridge is comprehensively investigated at three levels, namely the material, bridge column and bridge structure levels. First, the decrease of tensile strength of GFRP bars over time is analyzed based on the Arrhenius theory, and corrosion initiation time and performance deterioration of steel bars are determined by Fick’s second law and an empirical formula. Second, an efficient finite element modeling method for aging HRC bridge columns is proposed. Simulation of the compression/tension behavior and the fracture failure of the GFRP bar is described. Hysteretic analysis is further conducted to investigate the time-dependent energy dissipation, ductility, residual displacement, bearing capacity and post-yield stiffness ratio. Meanwhile, comparisons of HRC bridge columns to reinforced concrete (RC) references are provided. Third, the seismic demand and damage evolution of deteriorated HRC bridge structures are investigated through dynamic time-history analysis. The results indicate that the corrosion-resistant GFRP bars contribute to improving the bearing capacity and to reducing the residual displacement of the HRC bridge. With an increase in service time, the seismic damage to the bridge column, abutment and expansion bearing increases, but the damage to fixed bearing decreases. Research results presented herein show that the HRC bridge is a promising alternative structure scheme in the marine environment.

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“…Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars replaced steel bars have become popular as a reinforcement for the concrete exposed to harsh environments [1]. Compared to conventional steel, GFRP has a higher strength-to-weight ratio and superior resistance to chlorine [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Water and Alkaline Solution on Durability of Carbon-Glass Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars

Pan

Zhou

et al. 2021

Polymers

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The glass fiber reacts with the hydroxyl owing to the concrete pore solution. A thin coat of carbon fiber wraps around the internal GFRP bars to improve the durability of internal GFRP bars in harsh environments. This paper investigates the effect of a thin carbon fiber coat on the durability of the carbon–glass hybrid fiber reinforced polymer bars (HFRP bars) in water, and compares the performance of FRP bars in alkaline solution. To this end, the water absorption behavior, interlaminar shear strength of both the GFRP bars and the HFRP bars was characterized in water and alkaline solution. The results indicate that the diffusivity coefficient of the carbon fiber coat is higher than that of internal GFRP in water. Compared to the GFRP bars in water, the HFRP bars have a higher diffusivity coefficient and saturation water absorption. It caused that the interlaminar shear strength of the HFRP bars aged in water at a temperature of 60 °C for 140 days decreases more markedly than that of the GFRP bars aged under similar conditions. Finally, it was proved that the thin carbon fiber coat does not slow the deterioration of the GFRP bars in water, while the carbon fiber coat significantly improves the retention of the interlaminar shear strength of the HFRP bars in the alkaline solution owing to the prevention of internal glass fiber reactivated by alkali ions.

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Effect of Different Constituent Fiber, Resin, and Sizing Combinations on Alkaline Resistance of Basalt, Carbon, and Glass FRP Bars

Cited by 49 publications

References 36 publications

Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Reinforced with Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) Bars: Towards Sustainable Infrastructure

Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Reinforced with Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) Bars: Towards Sustainable Infrastructure

Time-Dependent Seismic Performance of Coastal Bridges Reinforced with Hybrid FRP and Steel Bars

Effects of Water and Alkaline Solution on Durability of Carbon-Glass Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars

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