Effect of dietary vitamin B₆on growth, feed utilization, health and non-specific immune of juvenile Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

Six diets were formulated with vitamin B 6 levels (2. 6, 32.7, 54.8, 90.7, 119.6 and 247.4 mg kg À1 , dry diet) to determine the requirement for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Triplicate groups of 40 juvenile shrimp (approximately 1.0 g) were provided four times each day to apparent satiation (8 weeks). Weight gain (WG), specific growth rate, feeding efficiency, protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein productive value of the shrimp were significantly influenced by the vitamin B 6 levels. No significant differences in whole-body and muscle composition, except for dry matter and protein contents in whole body. Vitamin B 6 concentration in the hepatopancreas significantly increased with the dietary vitamin B 6 level increasing from 2.6 to 32.7 mg kg À1 . High-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the haemolymph improved with the dietary vitamin B 6 levels increasing from 2.6 to 90.7 mg kg À1 diet and no significant differences in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, glucose and total protein concentrations. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and lysozyme in the haemolymph were significantly influenced by dietary vitamin B 6 levels. The optimal dietary vitamin B 6 requirements estimated using a two-slope broken-line model based on WG and SGR and an exponential model based on the vitamin B 6 concentration in the hepatopancreas were 110.39, 110.08 and 167.5 mg kg À1 , respectively.

Effect of dietary vitamin B 6 supplementation on growth and intestinal microflora of juvenile golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus )

“…High mortality, poor feed conversion and growth had been reported in red hybrid tilapia fed the diet without VB 6 supplementation (Lim, Leamaster, & Brock, 2010). WGR, SGR, feeding efficiency were significantly influenced by the VB 6 levels (Cui, Zhou, Huang, & Xia, 2016). The dietary VB 6 level of 7.47 mg/kg was the highest in WGR and SGR of juvenile golden pompano, which confirmed the effect of dietary VB 6 level on fish growth.…”

“…Previous studies showed that supplementary VB 6 in diet could promote protein synthesis of rainbow trout (Smith, Brin, & Halver, 2011) and red hybrid tilapia (Lim et al, 2010), it could also increase the docosahexaenoic acid concentration of muscle lipids of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; Maranesi, Marchetti, Bochicchio, & Cabrini, 2015). The study of pacific white shrimp reported that dietary VB 6 levels had no significant differences in muscle composition (Cui et al, 2016). The blood parameters were generally considered as health condition indicators of the overall body of fish (Yue et al, 2015).…”

Dietary thiamin and pyridoxine requirements of fingerling Indian major carp,Cirrhinus mrigala(Hamilton)

“…Quantitative dietary pyridoxine requirements have been determined for several fish species such as Atlantic salmon, S. salar ; Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp. ; rainbow trout, S. gairdneri ; channel catfish, I. punctatus ; common carp, C. carpio ; yellowtail, S. lalandi ; hybrid tilapia, O. niloticus x O. aureus ; red hybrid tilapia, O. mossambicus x O. niloticus ; Jian carp, C. carpio variety Jian; Gibel carp, Carassius auratus ; Indian catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (NRC ); and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Cui, Zhou, Huang & Xia ).…”

Metabolic reprogramming in crustaceans: A vital immune and environmental response strategy

“…178 Similarly, diets containing high ascorbic acid levels increase shrimp (P. monodon) survival rate, 179 whereas dietary vitamin B6 affects the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, SOD, catalase and lysozyme in shrimp (P. vannamei) haemolymph. 180 Synbiotic diets (0.4% galactooligosaccharide and probiotics) can significantly improve the survival of P. vannamei when challenged with V. alginolyticus challenge, due to increased levels of IMP, valine and betaine, together with improved immune parameters (e.g., PO activity, respiratory bursts and phagocytic activity), and expression of immune-related proteins (PO, serine proteinase and peroxinectin). 181 Although hydroxyurea is ubiquitous in animals, exogenous hydroxyurea can produce nitric oxide (NO); hence, it is a useful inducer of innate immune protection against viruses and other microbial pathogens.…”

“…monodon ) survival rate, 179 whereas dietary vitamin B6 affects the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, SOD, catalase and lysozyme in shrimp ( P . vannamei ) haemolymph 180 . Synbiotic diets (0.4% galactooligosaccharide and probiotics) can significantly improve the survival of P .…”