Effect of dietary supplemental l-carnitine on growth performance, body composition and antioxidant status in juvenile black sea bream,Sparus macrocephalus

Abstract

Effects of dietary LL-carnitine were studied in juvenile black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus). The semipurified basal diet [crude protein 450 g kg )1 dry matter (DM); crude lipid 126 g kg )1 DM] was formulated to choose white fishmeal as the protein source and fish oil plus corn oil (1 : 1) as the lipid source. Six diets (control + diets 1-5) containing 0.1, 0.12, 0.16, 0.24, 0.39 and 1.1 g of L L-carnitine kg )1 diet were fed to triplicate groups of black sea bream (initial weight 13.10 ± 0.05 g) for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance, body composition and antioxidant status were determined. The results showed that relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly improved by the elevation of dietary L L-carnitine level from 0.1 to 0.24 g kg )1 , but decreased with further increment (P < 0.05). Lipid content decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the dorsal muscle whereas increased (P < 0.05) in the liver with the addition of dietary L L-carnitine. Dietary

Effects of dietary l-carnitine level on growth performance, immune responses and stress resistance of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823

“…Similarly, relationship between growth performance and dietary L-carnitine levels in the current study was nonlinear and followed the second-order polynomial regression. The mechanisms exerted with dietary L-carnitine on growth performance are still little understood in fish and crustacean species (Harpaz, 2005;Ma et al, 2008;Singh et al, 2008;Mohseni and Ozório, 2014). In contrast, different inclusion levels of L-carnitine in the diet of Kuruma shrimp, M. japonicus (Yacioglu and Aktas, 2006), rainbow trout (Rodehutscord, 1995), Atlantic salmon (Ji et al, 1996), African catfish (Ozório et al, 2001) and tilapia (Schlechtriem et al, 2004) did not improve growth performance and survival rate.…”

“…This is the first time to report that the dietary L-carnitine usage can alter growth performance, hemolymph indices (THC, HC, LGC and SGC) as well as enhance antioxidant enzymes (PO, SOD, GSH, GPX and TBARS) of juvenile crayfish. The role of dietary L-carnitine as an antioxidant agent to eliminate free radicals was confirmed in aging rats (Kalaiselvi and Panneerselvam, 1998), late laying duration of hens (Rabie et al, 1997), juvenile black sea bream (Ma et al, 2008) and sub-adult beluga (Mohseni and Ozório, 2014). To study the effect on crayfish, antioxidants status of crayfish administrated by dietary L-carnitine was evaluated.…”

“…To evaluate the side effects of dietary antioxidants on antioxidant defence system, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and total sulfhydryl groups (TSH) are considered as biological indices (Kalaiselvi and Panneerselvam, 1998;Mohseni and Ozório, 2014). Of late, the role of L-carnitine as an antioxidant agent has been confirmed on ischemiareperfusion injury, adriamycin-induced membrane damage and diphtheria toxins (Sinatra and Sinatra, 1999;Ma et al, 2008). However, whether or not the effect of L-carnitine can protect juvenile crayfish from different stressors remains unclear and biological responses induced by L-carnitine in the aquatic invertebrates need additional investigation.…”

“…Recently, there is an increasing interest in natural feed additives as potent antioxidants (Ma et al, 2008). To evaluate the side effects of dietary antioxidants on antioxidant defence system, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and total sulfhydryl groups (TSH) are considered as biological indices (Kalaiselvi and Panneerselvam, 1998;Mohseni and Ozório, 2014).…”

Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Various Additives on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Fatty Acid Composition, Gene Expression and Histopathological Changes in Juvenile Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

“…지금까지 넙치의 효율적이고 안정적인 양식 경영을 위해 기호성과 영양 요구량을 만족시킬 수 있는 배합 사료 조성비에 관한 연구가 중점적으로 수행되어 왔으며 Lee et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2003;Lee and Kim, 2005;Yoo et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2008b), 배합사료의 우수성 또한 증명되면서 (Seo, et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2009b Fernández-Navarro et al, 2008;Li et al, 2008;Ma et al, 2008). 특히, 생약제 (Kim et al, 1998), 송강약돌 (Choi et al, 2004), 녹차 (Cho et al, 2006), 목초액 (Lee et al, 2008a) 및 해조류 혼합물 (Kim et al, 2009c) 등은 넙치용 배합사료 첨가제로서 그 효능이 연구된 바 있다.…”