Effect of dietary protein to energy ratio, stocking density and feeding level on performance of Nile tilapia in pond aquaculture

Kabir, Kazi Ahmed; Verdegem, Marc; Verreth, J.A.J.; Phillips, Michael J.; Schrama, J.W.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.06.014

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These stressful conditions reduce feed consumption, growth rate, immunity, and antioxidative responses, with possible opportunities for bacterial infection [ 23 , 24 ]. Several managerial efforts to enhance water quality are normally applied, including regular water exchange, injection with oxygen, using pedals, filtering water with mechanical and biological filters, and including some nitrifying microorganisms [ 25 ]. Additionally, functional herbal substances, such as feed or water additives, are strongly recommended as environmentally friendly additives [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yucca schidigera Usage for Healthy Aquatic Animals: Potential Roles for Sustainability

Paray

Basuini

Alagawany

et al. 2021

Animals

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In modern aquaculture systems, farmers are increasing the stocking capacity of aquatic organisms to develop the yield and maximize water resources utilization. However, the accumulation of ammonia in fishponds regularly occurs in intensive aquaculture systems, resulting in reduced growth rates and poor health conditions. The inclusion of yucca extract is recognized as a practical solution for adsorbing the waterborne ammonia. Yucca has abundant amounts of polyphenolics, steroidal saponins, and resveratrol and can be used as a solution or as a powder. In this context, this review aimed to investigate the possible regulatory roles of yucca extract on aquatic animals’ performances. Concurrently, the feed utilization, growth performance, and physiological status of aquatic species can be improved. Additionally, the yucca application resulted in enhancing the antioxidative, immunological, and anti-inflammatory responses in several aquatic animals. Exclusively, the present review proposed a protective solution through the application of yucca extract in the aquafeed and rearing water of aquatic animals suffering from ammonia accumulation. Furthermore, it shows how yucca could enhance the growth, survival rates, blood biochemical quality, immunological indices, and the antioxidative capacity of aquatic animals in light of the relevant published data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yucca schidigera Usage for Healthy Aquatic Animals: Potential Roles for Sustainability

Paray

Basuini

Alagawany

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…This creates pressure to develop new strategies to reduce the cost of feeding aquaculture‐produced fish by improving efficiency and developing cheaper feeds. Formulating feeds with reduced digestible protein to digestible energy (DP:DE) ratios is a way to reduce feed costs (NRC, ), which has been practically demonstrated for tilapia (Kabir et al, ; Kabir et al, ). While reducing the protein to energy ratio, the non‐protein energy in the diet increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio on performance of Nile tilapia and enhancement of natural food in pond aquaculture

et al. 2020

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This study tested the effect of two diets differing in carbohydrate to lipid (CHO:LIP) ratio (4.7 vs. 19.5 g/g) on the contribution of natural food and the total fish production in tilapia ponds. Eight ponds, each divided into three equally sized compartments, were assigned to one of the two diets, which differed in CHO:LIP ratio but had the same digestible protein to digestible energy (DP:DE) ratio (15.5 and 15.6 g/MJ). Ponds were fed equal amounts of crude protein. Three feeding levels (no, low and high) were nested in each pond in a split plot design. Average body weight of fish at stocking was 90 g, and the duration of the experiment was 42 days. Increasing the CHO:LIP ratio had no impact on tilapia production. However, the feeding level influenced both biomass gain, specific growth rate and survival. The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) for fat and carbohydrate was influenced by dietary CHO:LIP ratio but ADC for energy was unaffected. Proximate analysis of fish body composition showed no effect of diet except for levels of ash. Diet had no effect on the organic matter composition of the faeces, and the contribution of natural food to fish nitrogen gain. Therefore, we postulate that changing the dietary non‐protein energy source from lipid to carbohydrate does not have any impact on tilapia culture in semi‐intensive ponds.

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“…Fish nutrition experiments with purified ingredients are not effective in verifying the interaction between diet components and processing, so they are usually validated in research using practical diets (Rawles et al, 2018;Davies et al, 2019). On-farm experiments using practical diets may have greater applicability due to their similarity to production reality (Kabir et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diets for Grow-Out of Pirarucu in Net Cage: Performance, Physiological Parameters, Fillet Composition and Feeding Cost

et al. 2019

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The present study evaluated practical diets with increasing levels of protein and energy on performance, fillet composition, feed cost, and physiological responses of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) juveniles during the grow-out phase in a net cage system. In an on-farm trial for 90 days 225 pirarucu juveniles with initial weight ± standard deviation of 2025 ± 335 g were fed to apparent satiety with extruded diets containing 37.4 (T-37), 40.8 (T-40), 43.9 (T-43), 45.5 (T-46), and 47.1% (T-49) crude protein (CP), increasing lipid levels, and energy:protein ratio fixed in 10 kcal g-1. Protein and lipid concentrations in the diets influenced the cost, fillet composition, and important physiological aspects of the health maintenance and productive performance of the pirarucu juveniles. Fish fed the T-37 diet had lower concentrations of fat in body cavity, fillet and blood, and had a lower cost associated with feeding. The increase in protein and energy levels in the other diets tested reduced the economic return, did not improve the zootechnical performance and caused physiological changes in the fish.

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Effect of dietary protein to energy ratio, stocking density and feeding level on performance of Nile tilapia in pond aquaculture

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Yucca schidigera Usage for Healthy Aquatic Animals: Potential Roles for Sustainability

Yucca schidigera Usage for Healthy Aquatic Animals: Potential Roles for Sustainability

Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio on performance of Nile tilapia and enhancement of natural food in pond aquaculture

Diets for Grow-Out of Pirarucu in Net Cage: Performance, Physiological Parameters, Fillet Composition and Feeding Cost

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