Effect of dietary particle size and nutrient supply on energy digestibility and nitrogen excretion in ileal cannulated grower pigs

Zijlstra, R. T.

doi:10.4141/a02-017

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is well‐known that a reduction in particle size of feed ingredient will improve the digestibility of dietary nutrients, and subsequently reduce N and P excretion. In this study, reducing the particle size of brown rice from 800 to 600 μm for young pigs significantly decreased the fecal N excretion, which was similar with Oryschak and Zijlstra (), who reported that a reduction in particle size from 850 to 400 μm reduced fecal N excretion 18%. However, the reducing particle size in brown rice had no effect on P balance, which was consistent with observations by Rojas and Stein () who reported that a reduction in particle size did not affect the ATTD of P in corn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of brown rice particle size on energy and nutrient digestibility in diets for young pigs and adult sows

Zhu

Dong

et al. 2018

Animal Science Journal

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of brown rice particle size on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients in diets fed to pigs at four different stages and determine the optimal particle size (OPS) of brown rice for young pigs and adult sows. Eighteen weanling piglets (initial body weight (BW):10.2 ± 0.4 kg), 18 growing barrows (initial BW: 35.6 ± 1.5 kg), 24 gestating sows (initial BW: 220 ± 2.8 kg), and 24 lactating sows (initial BW: 208 ± 3.8 kg) were allotted to 1 of 3 or 4 diets based on completely randomized design with six replicates per diet.Within each stage, brown rice-soybean meal diets were formulated, and the only difference among diets was the brown rice used was ground to the specified particle size.Each stage lasted 19 days, including 7 days for cage adaptation, 7 days for diet adaptation, and 5 days for total feces and urine collection. For weanling and growing pigs, the results showed that pigs fed brown rice milled to 600 μm had a greater ATTD of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), and crude protein (CP) than pigs fed brown rice ground to 800 μm. However, there was no improvement in the ATTD of energy and nutrients for pigs fed brown rice milled to 600 μm versus 400 μm. The concentration of nitrogen (N) in feces significantly reduced (p < 0.01) as brown rice particle size decreased from 800 to 400 μm. However, there were no differences in phosphorus (P) output and absorbed P among diets. For gestating and lactating sows, a reduction in particle size from 1,000 to 800 μm significantly improved (p < 0.01) the ATTD of DM, GE, and CP in diets. However, there was also no improvement in the ATTD of energy and nutrients for pigs fed brown rice milled from 800 to 400 μm. In conclusion, considering the energy required for milling and nutrient digestibility, milling brown rice to 600 and 800 μm are recommended in diets for young pigs and adult sows, respectively. The OPS of brown rice for pigs at different physiological stages should be considered to economically and accurately formulate diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of brown rice particle size on energy and nutrient digestibility in diets for young pigs and adult sows

Zhu

Dong

et al. 2018

Animal Science Journal

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“…A digestibilidade dos grãos finos afeta a excreção de nitrogênio (N) e fósforo (P) pelos suínos. Oryschak et al (2002) notaram que há poucos estudos sobre o efeito da redução do tamanho dos grãos sobre a digestibilidade e a excreção de N e P, combinada com a suplementação enzimática. Assim, os autores avaliaram os efeitos do tamanho dos grãos de cevada e ervilha (DGM's de 400 e 700 µm) na dieta de suínos em crescimento sobre a taxa de excreção de N e P. Foi constatado que o tamanho dos grãos afetou a excreção de P nas fezes, mas não na urina e, além disto, a redução do tamanho dos grãos (400µm) diminuiu em 12% a excreção de P nas fezes e, portanto, aumentou em 15% sua digestibilidade e retenção.…”

Section: Efeitos Da Granulometria Sobre O Desempenho E a Saúde Dos Suínosunclassified

Recomendaciones de tamaño de partícula para alimentación de cerdos: Revisión

Evangelista¹,

Zeferino²,

Brennecke³

2020

Pubvet

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A suinocultura se constitui em atividade relevante à economia brasileira. A alimentação representa alto custo na produção animal, deste modo, a forma física dos grãos, em particular o tamanho das partículas dos ingredientes ou a granulometria utilizada nas rações de suínos pode influenciar a qualidade das rações, o que reflete no desempenho, e consequentemente, na produtividade das granjas, além do custo de produção e o nível de poluição ambiental em função da produção de dejetos. Esta revisão tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento com base na literatura científica acerca das diferentes recomendações de granulometria para as rações fornecidas aos suínos, durante a fase de engorda. Conclui-se que para a formulação de ração, recomenda-se a escolha do tamanho correto dos grãos, considerando os objetivos relacionados ao desempenho e saúde dos animais, à digestibilidade dos nutrientes, ao potencial de excreção de poluentes e ao custo de produção.

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“…Cereal grains are milled before being incorporated into pig diets, and different milling protocols will result in diets of different average particle size and particle size distribution. Particle size has been reported to influence nutrient digestibility, growth rate, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and gut health, especially in terms of gastric ulceration (Healy et al, 1994;Wondra et al, 1995a, b, c, d, e;Mavromichalis et al, 2000;Kim et al, 2002;Oryschak and Zijlstra, 2002;Lawrence et al, 2003;Choct et al, 2004). In New Zealand, barley is the main cereal grain used in pig diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Particle Size of Barley on Intestinal Morphology, Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Pigs

Morel¹,

Cottam²

2007

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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A growth trial and a digestibility trial were conducted to examine the effect of feed particle size on the performance, nutrient digestibility, gastric ulceration and intestinal morphology in pigs fed barley-based diets. Barley was processed through a hammer mill to achieve four diets varying in particle size (average particle size±standard deviation): coarse (1,100±2.19 µm), medium (785±2.23 µm), fine (434±1.70 µm) and mixed (1/3 of coarse, medium and fine) (789±2.45 µm). Sixty-four entire male pigs were used in the growth trial and the diets were fed ad libitum between 31 kg and 87 kg live weight. Following slaughter, stomach and ileal tissues were scored for integrity (ulceration or damage) and histological measurements taken. Twenty-four entire male pigs were used in the digestibility trial, which involved total faecal collection. Over the entire growth phase, there were no differences (p>0.05) in average daily gain and feed conversion ratio between pigs fed diets of different particle size. Pigs fed the coarse and medium diets had lower (p<0.05) stomach ulceration scores (0.20 and 0.25, respectively, on a scale from 0 to 3) than those fed the mixed (0.69) or the fine diets (1.87). The stomachs of all animals fed the fine diet had lesions and stomach ulcerations were present only in this group. Pigs fed the fine diet had thicker (p<0.001) ileal epithelial cell layer with no differences (p>0.05) being observed for villous height or crypt depth. Faecal digestibility coefficients of neutral and acid detergent fibre were the highest (p<0.05) for the mixed diet, intermediate for the fine and coarse diets and the lowest for the medium diet. A similar numerical trend (p = 0.103) was observed for the apparent faecal energy digestibility coefficient. It is concluded that, with barley based diets, a variation in average particle size between 400 µm and 1,100 µm had no effect on pig performance but the fine dietary particle size affected the integrity of the stomach, as well as the structure of the small intestine, thus compromising overall gut health. Our data also demonstrate that changes in particle size distribution during the digestion process, rather than average particle size or particle size variation, are related to apparent faecal digestibility.

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Effect of dietary particle size and nutrient supply on energy digestibility and nitrogen excretion in ileal cannulated grower pigs

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of brown rice particle size on energy and nutrient digestibility in diets for young pigs and adult sows

Effects of brown rice particle size on energy and nutrient digestibility in diets for young pigs and adult sows

Recomendaciones de tamaño de partícula para alimentación de cerdos: Revisión

Effects of Particle Size of Barley on Intestinal Morphology, Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Pigs

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