Effect of dietary organic selenium on survival, growth, antioxidation, immunity and gene expressions of selenoproteins in abalone Haliotis discus hannai

Abstract

No studies have been focused on the inclusion of organic selenium in formulated feed of abalone when organic minerals are accepted by aquaculture feed industry. This experiment evaluated the effect of organic selenium on the growth, antioxidation, immunity and gene expressions of selenoproteins in abalone. Graded levels of organic selenium were included to the basal diet at 0.00, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 ppm providing 157.83, 322.51, 437.59 and 596.59 ug/kg of selenium in the diet. Accordingly, the diets were named as Se-0.00, Se-0.15, Se-0.30 and Se-0.60 respectively. Results had shown that survival rate, weight gain rate and shell length increase rate were lowest for Se-0.60 group (p < 0.05). The concentration of selenium in the whole body generally increased with increasing level of dietary organic selenium (p < 0.05). The enzyme activities related to antioxidation increased initially with low levels of dietary selenium and decreased with higher levels, with the highest value in Se-0.30 group (p < 0.05). The enzyme activities of immunity increased with the addition of dietary selenium. With the increase of dietary selenium, Myostain expression decreased initially and increased afterwards, with lowest value for Se-0.30 group (p < 0.05). However, the expressions of other genes related to growth, antioxidation and selenoproteins firstly increased and then decreased, with the highest value recorded for Se-0.15 group. In conclusion, the inclusion rate of 0.15 -0.30 ppm Se in diet could promote growth, antioxidation, immunity and gene expressions of selenoproteins in abalone; however, excess selenium with 0.60 ppm inclusion lever in diet had toxic effects. K E Y W O R D S abalone, antioxidation, selenium, selenoprotein, toxicity

Mannan oligosaccharide increases the growth performance, immunity and resistance capability against Vibro Parahemolyticus in juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino

“…Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative expressions of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (Casp-3), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in hepatopancreas of abalone treated with different MOS content. The reference gene was ribosomal protein S9 (RPS9) which was used in our previous study [37,38]. The primers used in gene analysis are listed in Table 2.…”

Embracing nanotechnology for selenium application in aquafeeds

“…Besides, an appropriate level of Se administration could improve the flesh quality by inhibiting protein degradation in muscle tissues 72,76,92 . Many studies have also reported the beneficial effects of Se on the antioxidant capacity of aquatic animals 34,59,63,69 . Furthermore, Penglase, 87 reported that dietary Se supplementation could prevent the cell against lipopolysaccharide and oxidative stress.…”

“…In rainbow trout, dietary supplementation of Se could increase the expression of principal mediators of the antiviral defences, such as Interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and downstream molecules involved in cell‐mediated haematopoiesis and immune response 71 . In the abalone ( Haliotis discus hannai ), activities of non‐specific immune‐related enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP) and LZM, were significantly improved by Se inclusion in the diets 69 . Although the mechanism through which Se enhances non‐specific immune parameters in fish is not very clear, Biller‐Takahashi 93 believes that Se promotes the production of antioxidant compounds that boost the production of cellular and humoral compounds in the immune system.…”

Uso del selenio en organismo acuáticos. Una revisión

“…Wang et al (2018), suministraron una fuente de Se a Oncorhynchus mykiss durante 10 semanas para evaluar la expresión génica de selenoproteínas, los resultados arrojaron una diferencia de expresión en genes de hígado y músculo, mostrando que, para el hígado, SelP exhibió una abundancia mayor que los otros genes de selenoproteína lo que se relaciona con su función de transporte y suministro de selenio a los tejidos, para el músculo se evidenciaron varios genes incluidos FEP 15, GPX1b2, GPX4a1, GPX4b, SelH , SelJa , SelK , SelMl, SelP , SelT2l SelU , SelWl y TrxR3b los cuales mostraron alta expresión , indicando que tanto en hígado como para músculo se deben mantener altas concentraciones para conservar la homeostasis en el organismo de los peces (Huang et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019). Kong et al (2018), evaluó el efecto del Se en factores como el crecimiento, la oxidación, la inmunidad y la expresión génica de selenoproteínas en una especie acuática como Haliotis tuberculata, los resultados mostraron que las actividades enzimáticas relacionadas con la oxidación aumentaron inicialmente con bajos niveles de Se en la dieta y disminuyeron con niveles más altos, la actividad enzimática relacionada a la inmunidad aumentó y la expresión génica fue aumentando progresivamente con las dosis más bajas de Se 0,30 mg; sugiriendo que una tasa de inclusión entre 0,15 -0,30 ppm de Se promueve el crecimiento, la inmunidad y la expresión de selenoproteinas en esta especie. Pacitti et al (2015), en un estudio en trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) evidenció en la expresión de transcripciones de las selenoproteínas, un efecto inverso a la adición de selenio, indicando un aumento de expresión de genes en la mayoría de los tejidos, en los tratamientos con las menores dosis, especialmente para la transcripción de gpx1b1 y las isoformas de TrxR3 y SelP, también, que solo en músculo hubo una mayor expresión de gpx1a y gpx1b2, en el tratamiento que contenía elevadas dosis de selenio, sin embargo esto podría estar asociado a la aparición de estrés oxidativo, debido a un exceso de este mineral.…”