Mannan oligosaccharide increases the growth performance, immunity and resistance capability against Vibro Parahemolyticus in juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino

Abstract

This trial was conducted to investigate the effect of mannose oligosaccharides (MOS) on the growth performance, antioxidation, immunity and disease resistance of Vibro Parahemolyticus in juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Four formulated diets were produced to contain 0.00 g/kg, 0.40 g/kg, 0.80 g/kg and 1.60 g/kg Actigen®, with functional ingredients of MOS, respectively. Accordingly, the experimental diets were named as A0, A4, A8 and A16. After 120-days feeding trial, the best growth performance was observed in A8 group (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in A0, A4 and A16 groups. With the increase of dietary MOS, the activity of the total antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas is increasingly elevated (P < 0.05) while no significant difference was observed on activity of glutathione S-transferase (P > 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were firstly increased and then decreased, with the highest values in A8 group (P < 0.05). Immune-related parameters were significantly affected by dietary MOS inclusion. Specifically, the activities of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in hepatopancreas and serum of abalone fed diets containing MOS were significantly higher than those of control A0 group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the highest values of both enzymes were observed in hepatopancreas of A8 group but in serum of A16 group, respectively. The lysozyme activities in hepatopancreas and serum of A4 group were significantly higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in A0, A8 and A16 groups (P > 0.05). The activities of cytophagy and respiratory burst in serum of abalone were not significantly affected by dietary MOS content (P > 0.05). The mRNA levels of focal adhesion kinase and integrin-linked kinase were gradually elevated with the increase of dietary MOS, with the highest value recorded in A16 group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of caspse-3 in A8 group was dramatically higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in A0, A4 and A16 groups (P > 0.05). The mRNA level of nuclear factor-κB was not significantly affected by dietary MOS (P > 0.05). During 56 h of V. Parahemolyticus challenge period, the accumulated mortality rate of abalone fed diets containing MOS were significantly lower than that of control A0 group in each time point (P < 0.05). Overall, the lowest rate was happened in A8 group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, MOS inclusion in diet has obviously positive effect on growth, immunity and disease resistance capability of abalone, with the optimal level of Actigen® at 0.80 g/kg in diet.

Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharides Enhance the Non-Specific Immunity, Intestinal Health, and Resistance Capacity of Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) Against Aeromonas hydrophila

“…LZM can dissolve glycoproteins on the surface of bacteria, and ACP is an enzyme marker for lysosomes with bactericidal effects. Thus, the upregulated activities of ACP and LZM reflected increased host bactericidal effects, which have also been previously observed ( 7 , 35 , 37 , 38 ). The activity of AKP was positively correlated with A. hydrophila infection levels, and the resistance level of the host to the pathogen was reflected by the significantly lower AKP activity in the immune-stimulated groups ( 39 ).…”

“…The effects of dietary MOS on enhancing disease resistance in aquatic animals have been previously reported. For example, MOS supplementation decreases the cumulative mortality and confinement stress caused by Vibrio anguillarum challenge in Dicentrarchus labrax ( 32 ), similar to the results of studies on Apostichopus japonicus , Carassius auratus gibelio , Litopenaeus vannamei , and Haliotis discus hannai Ino ( 7 , 33 – 35 ). This indicates that MOS could enhance the resistance of aquatic animals to pathogenic infection.…”

“…The activity of AKP was positively correlated with A. hydrophila infection levels, and the resistance level of the host to the pathogen was reflected by the significantly lower AKP activity in the immune-stimulated groups ( 39 ). We found that AKP activity in the MOS400 group decreased significantly compared with that in other groups upon bacterial infection, indicating that MOS supplementation increased host resistance to bacterial infection ( 35 ). Thus, the activities of antimicrobial enzymes revealed the enhanced host non-specific immunity of the MOS supplemental groups, which might result in decreased mortality.…”

“…However, the regulatory effects of dietary MOS on the expression of immune-related genes exhibit variable patterns in different species. For instance, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was induced by MOS supplementation in Pacific white shrimp and O. niloticus ( 26 , 35 ). Similarly, in the present study, the expression of M. amblycephala pro-inflammatory cytokines, tight junction-related genes, and signaling factors was also increased after 8 weeks of feeding with dietary MOS, indicating that MOS could enhance the intestinal immunity and tight junctions of M. amblycephala.…”

Effects of mannan oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and hematological parameters in sheep

“…Supplementation dietary MOS maintained the normal intestinal health of rats ( Yazbeck et al, 2019 ), and effectively replaced antibiotics as growth promoters in raising guinea pigs ( Minguez, Ingresa-Capaccioni & Calvo, 2019 ). Additionally, supplementation dietary MOS improved the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of aquatic animals ( Lu et al, 2019 ; Meng et al, 2019 ; Mohammadian et al, 2019 ; Widanarni et al, 2019 ). However, the studies focused on MOS in ruminants have drawn inconsistent conclusions.…”