Effect of Dietary Nucleotides on Lymphocyte Maturation

Fanslow, William C.; Kulkarni, Anil D.; Kulkarni, Shrirang Vasant; Buren, Charles T. Van

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5104-7_83

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…On the other hand, human colostrum contains several kinds of nucleotides (CMP, UMP, GMP and AMP) at relatively low levels between 1.0 and 23.0 μmol/l (Duchen and Thorell, 1999). These nucleic acids and their derivatives are reported to induce a large number of biological actions in the digestive system (Nunez et al, 1990;Uauy et al, 1990;Brunser et al, 1994;Bueno et al, 1994;Ortega et al, 1994), the immune system (Carver et al, 1990;Van Buren et al, 1983, 1985Kulkarni et al, 1989;Matsumoto et al, 1995;Nagafuchi et al, 1997;Rudolph et al, 1986) and the microbial flora in the gut (Gil et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Oral administration of uridylic acid increases plasma leptin, but suppresses glucose and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations in rats

et al. 2006

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Oral administration of uridylic acid increases plasma leptin, but suppresses glucose and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations in rats

et al. 2006

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“…In a related study, Rudolph et al (60) noted that spleen, thymus , bone marrow from mice fed nucleotide-free diet had a significantly higher number of cells positive for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, a specific marker for immature T-cells as compared with lymphoid cells from RNA diet-fed mice, suggesting that there were increased numbers of null of immature T-cells in lymphoid organs of nucleotide free diet-fed mice. In another development, we observed that nucleotide-free diet supplemented with nucleosides and nucleotides stimulated the proliferation, differ entiation, maturation, and function of peripheral blood neutrophil number in mice challenged with MRSA (61) or treated with cyclophosphamide (62).…”

Section: Nucleic Acids and Hemopoiesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Nucleic Acids and/or Their Components: A Possible Role in Immune Function.

Adjei

Yamamoto

Kulkarni

1995

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryDietary sources of nucleic acids and/or their components, have not been considered essential for normal growth and development. However, growing evidence shows that the compounds regulate various steps of the immune system and demonstrate the neccessity of the com pounds in the response to immunological challenge. The significance of exogenously administered purine or pyrimidine bases, nucleotides, and nucleosides in the immune response is reviewed. Key Words nucleoside, nucleotide, infection, immunity, parenteral for mula, enteral formula Nucleic acids and/or their components in the diet have not been considered essential for normal growth and development because it was generally assumed that living organisms, including humans, could synthesize adequate amounts of the compounds required for normal growth and development and that dietary sources are not utilized. This assumption was based on studies done on normal healthy individuals who were not confronted with an immunological challenge (1, 2). Recent studies have documented that the gut and the immune system depend mainly on salvage of purine and pyrimidine bases and that the de novo synthesis is not adequate to meet the demand of various metabolically active cells or tissues. This report reviews current knowledge on the role of nucleic acids and/or their components.Nucleotides are low molecular weight biological compounds that are involved in almost all biochemical processess. They consist of either purines or pyrimidines (nitrogen containing bases). The major purine bases are adenine and guanine, and the major pyrimidines are thymine, cytosine, and uracil. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA and play essential roles in structural, metabolic, energetic, and regulatory functions particularly as components of adenosine tri phosphate and other nucleotide triphosphates and in many co-enzymes. The daily

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“…Rapidly proliferating cells of the immune system are not able to fulfill nucleotides’ needs solely by de novo synthesis under conditions of cellular stress and subsequently rely heavily on the salvage pathways and dietary intake 13 . Early studies using diets free of preformed nucleotides confirmed their role in immune function; the absence of nucleotides produced significant reductions in host immune responses, including downregulation of T cell function and antigen stimulation 88 , 89 . Nucleotide‐free diets also produced prolonged cardiac allograft survival in rodents as well as synergistic immunosuppression, with cyclosporine A indicating that nucleotides influence T helper cell numbers and function 90 …”

Section: Representative Animal Studies With Nucleotidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nucleotides in the Immune and Gastrointestinal Systems

2012

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Nucleotides are low molecular weight biological molecules key to biochemical processes. Sources include de novo synthesis, recovery via salvage mechanisms, and dietary intakes. Although endogenous production serves as the main nucleotide source, evidence suggests that exogenous sources are essential to immune competence, intestinal development, and recovery. Dietary nucleotides serve a marked role in rapidly proliferating cells where they are necessary for optimal function. Accordingly, dietary nucleotides are deemed conditionally essential in the presence of various physiological stresses, including growth and development, recovery from injury, infection, and certain disease states. Clinical studies that evaluated nutrition formulations of nucleotides in combination with other specific nutrient substances demonstrated improved clinical outcomes in patients characterized as critically ill, injured, immune suppressed, or with chronic gastrointestinal conditions. However, conclusions regarding specific benefits of nucleotides are limited. Scientific substantiation of nucleotide supplementation in infant formula has been reported to improve the maturation and development of the intestinal tract as well as immune function. All medical nutrition products except for one immune-modulating formulation are devoid of nucleotides. In an effort to build on this, the current review presents the data to support potential clinical applications for nucleotides in enteral nutrition that may contribute to improved outcomes in physiologically stressed patients.

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Effect of Dietary Nucleotides on Lymphocyte Maturation

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Oral administration of uridylic acid increases plasma leptin, but suppresses glucose and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations in rats

Oral administration of uridylic acid increases plasma leptin, but suppresses glucose and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations in rats

Nucleic Acids and/or Their Components: A Possible Role in Immune Function.

The Role of Nucleotides in the Immune and Gastrointestinal Systems

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