Effect of dietary medicinal herbs on lipid metabolism and stress recovery in red sea bream Pagrus major

Abstract

The effect of dietary medicinal herbs on lipid metabolism and stress recovery was investigated in red sea bream Pagrus major. Fish (mean body weight 24.0 ± 0.2 g) were fed on test fish meal diets supplemented with either Massa Medicata (Mm), Crataegi Fructus (Cf), Artemisia capillaries (Ac), or Cnidium officinale (Co), or with a mixture of the four herbs (HM) for 12 weeks. A control group was fed a diet without herbs in the same manner. A high survival rate was observed in the herbal diet groups. The final mean body weight, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and apparent protein and lipid retention in the Ac, Co, and HM groups were higher than those in the control and Mm groups. Final carcass, hepatic lipid and triglyceride contents, and plasma triglyceride and nonesterified fatty acid levels were lower in the Ac, Co, and HM groups compared to those of control and Mm groups. However, final hepatic phospholipid, plasma phospholipid, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher in the Ac, Co, and HM diets groups than in the control and Mm groups. The Cf, Co, Ac, and HM groups showed faster recovery time in the 2-phenoxyethanol anesthesia test and a higher recovery rate in the 10-min air exposure test than those of the control and Mm groups. Moreover, the Cf, Ac, Co, and HM diet groups had a significantly lower plasma cortisol level than the control and Mm diet group, but the glucose level in the herbal diet groups was higher than that in the control group after a 1-h air exposure. These results indicate that the addition of medicinal herbs to the fish diet improved lipid utilization and stress recovery in red sea bream.

Effects of anthraquinone extract from Rheum officinale Bail on the physiological responses and HSP70 gene expression of Megalobrama amblycephala under Aeromonas hydrophila infection

“…Interestingly, serum lysozyme activity was higher in the treatment group than the control group both before infection and 6 h after infection. Such increases in lysozyme activity have also been noted in red sea bream (Pagrus major) that were fed with Chinese herbs [50] and in freshwater prawns or common carp (Cyprinus carpio jian) fed with anthraquinone extracts [7,13]. Similarly, Su et al [38] reported an increase in serum lysozyme activity following Vibrio anguillarum infection in Macrobrachium rosenbergii that were fed with anthraquinone.…”

Effects of dietary green tea (Camellia sinensisL) on acute stress responses in sturgeon hybrid (Huso huso♂ ×Acipenser ruthenus♀)

“…Therefore, any substance that can decrease stress can increase growth in the long term (Jentoft, Aastveit, Torjesen & Andersen 2005). Slight decrease in serum cortisol after air exposure, compared with controls, was seen also in juvenile Pagrus major fed medicinal herb prior to air exposure (Ji, Takaoka, Lee, Hwang, Kim, Ishimaru, Seoka, Jeong & Takii 2009). Slight decrease in serum cortisol after air exposure, compared with controls, was seen also in juvenile Pagrus major fed medicinal herb prior to air exposure (Ji, Takaoka, Lee, Hwang, Kim, Ishimaru, Seoka, Jeong & Takii 2009).…”

Effects of anthraquinone extract from Rheum officinale Bail on the growth performance and physiological responses of Macrobrachium rosenbergii under high temperature stress

“…Stress would cause the increase of haemolymph lysozyme [41,42] or the decrease of haemolymph lysozyme activity [8,43,44]. The red sea bream (Pagrus major) fed with Chinese herbs [45] and common carp (C. carpio jian) fed with anthraquinone extract [20] showed the increase of blood lysozyme activities under the stress. This experiment result showed that haemolymph lysozyme activities significantly increased in the treated groups supplemented with 0.1% and 0.4% anthraquinone extract before stress and in the treated group supplemented with 0.4% anthraquinone extract at 12 h after high temperature stress compared to the control.…”