Effect of Diet and Physical Exercise Treatment on Insulin Resistance Syndrome of Schoolchildren

Szamosi, Anna; Czinner, A; Szamosi, Tamás; Sallai, Ágnes; Hatunic, Mensud; Berla, Zita; Tomsits, Erika; Almássy, Zsuzsa; Nolan, John J.

doi:10.1080/07315724.2008.10719689

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…54 The modulation of metabolism because of increased fat oxidation by PA is the basis for both the relationship between PA and insulin sensitivity 51,55 and for the proposed use of PA for insulin resistance reduction. 56 Evidence-based relationship between PA and MS clustering…”

Section: Physiopathological Basis Of the Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Brambilla¹,

Pozzobon

Pietrobelli

2010

Int J Obes

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Physical activity (PA) and diet directly influence obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) as important determinants of body composition. Understanding how PA relates to MS in youth is of great importance, and could offer a common strategy for clinical and public health approaches to control this condition. The underlying disorder of MS is a condition of insulin resistance, and a strong relationship between PA level and insulin sensitivity is clearly ascertained. The type, duration, frequency and intensity of PA affect fuel metabolism, in particular carbohydrate and lipid oxidation. The possible modulation of metabolism because of increased fat oxidation by PA is the basis for both prevention and restoration of insulin resistance and MS in obese children. In daily clinical practice, diet followed by pharmacologic treatment are usually the approaches taken, whereas PA is often considered just a suggestion. Although diet and PA have different effects on body composition, with both contributing to fat loss, only PA increases muscle mass and thus has a direct effect on metabolic function, expressed by changes in cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, it is important to remember their complementary but different targets in daily clinical practice, such as body weight control for diet and metabolic health for PA. In this review, we have summarized the literature on the relationship between PA and MS in pediatrics. Then, we have analyzed the possibility of using PA for MS treatment, as an alternative to drugs, by discussing the results of intervention studies, reasons for low compliance to PA, related benefits, adherence difficulties and costs. Finally, we have tried to suggest recommendations for a multiple-step PA strategy in children and adolescents at risk for MS, by considering PA as the 'key' player in treatment.

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Section: Physiopathological Basis Of the Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Brambilla¹,

Pozzobon

Pietrobelli

2010

Int J Obes

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“…Several investigators have examined the impact of isolated nutrients/foods and physical activity/ sedentary life on several health outcomes (that is, IR; Pereira et al, 2002;Lara-Castro and Garvey, 2004;Isganaitis and Lustig, 2005;Slinger et al, 2008;Szamosi et al, 2008;Bremer et al, 2009;Hirschler et al, 2009;Kennedy et al, 2009). Although these studies reveal the effect of specific foods/nutrients/food groups and certain parameters of physical activity/sedentary lifestyle on health status, they do not reflect the cumulative effect of the overall dietlifestyle quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children's dietary habits and lifestyle patterns have been associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors for chronic diseases, such as obesity, high blood pressure, increased cholesterol levels and insulin resistance (IR) (Hampl et al, 1999;Devaney et al, 2004;Kranz et al, 2004;Muntner et al, 2004;Canete et al, 2007;Slinger et al, 2008;Szamosi et al, 2008). Unhealthy dietary habits and lifestyle patterns originating in early life seem to track into adulthood increasing the risk for developing chronic diseases in adult life (Magarey et al, 2001;Hesketh et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a lifestyle–diet quality index for primary schoolchildren and its relation to insulin resistance: the Healthy Lifestyle–Diet Index

et al. 2010

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Objective: The aim of this work was to develop an index that evaluates the degree of adherence to existing dietary and lifestyle guidelines for primary school-aged children (Healthy Lifestyle-Diet Index (HLD-Index)) and examine its relationship with selected nutrient intake and insulin resistance (IR). Methods: Ten components were used to develop the HLD-Index. Scores from 0 to 4 were assigned to all components. The HLD-Index total score ranged between 0 and 40. A sample of 729 schoolchildren from Greece aged 10-12 years (The Healthy Growth Study) was used to evaluate the validation of the proposed index. Results: The overall mean ± standard deviation of the HLD-Index score was 20 ± 4.4. Higher HLD-Index scores were associated with lower proportion of children having intakes lower than Estimated Average Requirements by Institute of Medicine. On the basis of the cutoff point of 3.16 for homeostasis model assessment of IR, 20.9% of participants were found to be insulin resistant. After adjusting for potential confounders, logistic regression showed that a 1 unit increase in the score is associated with almost 8% lower odds for being insulin resistant. The cutoff point analysis revealed that score equal to or lower than 21 best discriminates children with IR from those without IR. On the basis of this cutoff point, the sensitivity of the HLD-Index was 70% and the corresponding specificity was 47%. Conclusions: The proposed HLD-Index could be used by public health policy makers and other health-care professionals to identify subgroups in the population with poor diet-lifestyle habits who are at increased probability for IR.

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“…The same diet change and activity recommendations described above are prescribed but there is no calculation of caloric needs and no specific focus on weight loss. This approach has been shown to be successful in addressing high TGs and CD, particularly when combined with cognitive behavioral therapy [116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127].…”

Section: Lifestyle Intervention: Diet and Exercise Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia in Childhood and Adolescence

Kavey

2016

Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep

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In youth, high triglycerides(TGs) usually occur with low HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C) as combined dyslipidemia(CD) in the context of obesity. This is now the predominant dyslipidemic pattern in childhood, seen in 30 to 60 % of obese individuals. In adults, CD is the most common lipid pattern seen with premature coronary disease. At the lipid subpopulation level, hypertriglyceridemia and CD are represented as increased LDL particles and small, dense LDL plus reduced total HDL-C and large HDL, a highly atherogenic pattern. Hypertriglyceridemia and CD in childhood predict vascular dysfunction and pathologic evidence of atherosclerosis in adolescence, and early clinical cardiovascular events in adult life. Moderate hypertriglyceridemia and CD are highly responsive to lifestyle change and the evidence supporting weight loss, change in diet composition, and increased activity as effective treatment is used to develop recommendations for management. Drug treatment is rarely indicated, reserved for the adolescent with multiple additional high-level risk factors after intensive long-term efforts at lifestyle modification.

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Effect of Diet and Physical Exercise Treatment on Insulin Resistance Syndrome of Schoolchildren

Abstract: PGL measured 180 minutes after GC may define an important subgroup of pre-diabetic children. The similar prevalance of CRF in both praediabetic groups underlines the importance of this subgroup. Lifestyle modification for two years improves CRF in this population.

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Development of a lifestyle–diet quality index for primary schoolchildren and its relation to insulin resistance: the Healthy Lifestyle–Diet Index

Management of Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia in Childhood and Adolescence

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