Effect of Deltamethrin on Regional Brain Polyamines and Behaviour in Young Rats

Abstract

The present study examines the mechanism of neurotoxic action of a synthetic pyrethroid formulation deltamethrin in young rats. Newly weaned Wistar Albino male rats received deltamethrin of technical grade at a dose of 7.0 mg/kg body weight/day in corn oil, orally from postnatal day 22 to postnatal day 37. Deltamethrin significantly decreased the wet weight of the hippocampus without much affecting the weight of cerebellum, pons medulla, hypothalamus, frontal cortex and corpus striatum in comparison to respective controls. A significant increase in the activities of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase and microsomal acetylcholinesterase without any effect on microsomal Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity was observed in the brain of experimental animals. Our results further indicate that deltamethrin markedly impaired learning function and significantly increased the spontaneous locomotor activity while aggressive behaviour remained unaffected. An overall enhancement of polyamine levels in hypothalamus and corpus striatum accompanied with an overall decline in pon medulla and cerebellum was also noted. Maximum decrease of spermine and spermidine was registered in hippocampus, while these polyamines showed an increase in frontal cortex. In striatal membranes the binding of 3H-spiperone decreased and 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate was elevated significantly. Deltamethrin-induced deviations in regional brain polyamine levels may be a possible cause for altered pathophysiology of the neurone.

Histological study of the effects of cypermethrin on liver and kidney tissues of mice model

“…According to Ayub- Shah et al (1996) cypermethrin with lower dose resulting mild disorganization of hepatic laminae and higher dose produced necrosis of hepatic cells, with pyknotic nuclei and dilatation of sinusoids with highly disrupted hepatic laminae 21 . In addition, the findings from the current histological observation are in accord with diverse earlier studies which indicated that the introduction to cypermethrin and other pesticides led to provoke intensive physiological, biochemical, histological turbulence in different experimental animals as rat [17], mice [21], rabbit [22], cat [23], broiler chicks [24] and fish [25]. The similar results are reported for malathion, endosulphon and other pesticides indicating exposure of these pesticide leading to encourage histological disturbances in experimental animals [26, 27 and 28].…”

Persistence of pyrethroid Deltamethrin and its effects on extra virgin olive oil quality

“…Clinical manifestations of acute Deltamethrin poisoning have been documented in occupationally and accidentally exposed cases. Moreover, a number of studies on the side effects of this insecticide have been detailed, including neurotoxicity, immune-suppression and allergy [ 5,6,7], hypertension [8], decreased testosterone levels [9] and genotoxic, immunotoxic and tumorogenic effects of Deltamethrin in mammalian and non-mammalian species [10,11]. The main reaction involved in the metabolism of Deltamethrin in mice and rats is ester cleavage mainly due to the action of carboxyesterase.…”

Effects of sub-chronic exposure to deltamethrin on shuttle-box avoidance and contents of amino acid neurotransmitters in hippocampus of mice

“…Intravenous injection of deltamethrin at the dose of 12.5 mg/kg produced severe neuronal loss in the hippocampus and in cortical areas of rats, and this neuronal death involved both necrosis and activation of markers of apoptotic death (Wu and Liu, 2000). It was also reported that orally treatment with deltamethrin at a dose of 7.0 mg/kg/BW produced neuropathological damage in brains in rats (Husain et al, 1994). In the morphology results, degeneration and necrosis morphological characteristics obviously were appeared in hippocampal neurons and astrocytes in 0.92 and 1.8 mg/kg-dose group mice, such as pyknosis, karyorrhexis, breakup and lysis of nuclear membrane.…”