Effect of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffolds Derived from Fibroblasts on Skin Wound Healing and Remodeling

Abstract

The mammalian tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used as a scaffold to facilitate the repair and reconstruction of numerous tissues. However, the material properties of decellularized ECM (dECM) from in vitro cell cultures and the effect of these properties on wound remodeling remain unclear. To elucidate its biological activity, we extracted dECM from human lung fibroblasts, fabricated it into a patch, and applied it to a full-thickness skin wound. The fibroblast-derived dECM (fdECM) maintained the content of collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅳ, and elastin, and the extraction process did not damage its critical growth factors. The fdECM-conjugated collagen patch (COL-fdECM) facilitated wound contraction and angiogenesis in the proliferative phase when applied to the in vivo full-thickness skin wound model. Moreover, the COL-fdECM treated wound showed increased regeneration of the epidermal barrier function, mature collagen, hair follicle, and subepidermal nerve plexus, suggesting qualitative skin remodeling. This therapeutic efficacy was similarly observed when applied to the diabetic ulcer model. fdECM was shown to help remodel the tissue by regulating fibroblast growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases via the p38 and ERK signaling pathways in an in vitro experiment for understanding the underlying mechanism. These results provide a biological basis for cell-derived ECM as a multi-functional biomaterial applicable to various diseases.

Fabrication and characterization of a hydrocolloid wound dressing functionalized with human placental derived extracellular matrix for management of skin wounds: An animal study

“…The ECM powder was added to the dressing at concentrations of 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% of its solid content. Similar to previous studies, the addition of ECM within this range did not affect the mechanical properties of the dressing, 15 but significantly improved its biological properties.…”

“…One of the key results of our in vivo study was that ECM could reconstitute hair follicles. The positive effect of ECM on hair follicle formation has also been shown in other studies 15 . Regenerating hair follicles in full thickness wounds is a primary objective in a number of studies that have developed bio‐functionalized wound dressings 19 .…”

“…The positive effect of ECM on hair follicle formation has also been shown in other studies. 15 Regenerating hair follicles in full thickness wounds is a primary objective in a number of studies that have developed bio-functionalized wound dressings. 19 The ECM-functionalized hydrocolloid dressing developed in the current study demonstrated a higher potential for hair follicle regeneration compared to control wounds and the hydrocolloid dressings which did not contain ECM.…”

Biomedical Application of Decellularized Scaffolds

“…Skin defects can be caused by a variety of factors, such as surgery, trauma, disease, burns, etc. 313 Skin defects are one of the most common clinical diseases. Deep skin burns are one of the most serious traumas to the human body.…”

“…The skin has functions of sensation, protection, secretion, breathing, and excretion. Skin defects can be caused by a variety of factors, such as surgery, trauma, disease, burns, etc . Skin defects are one of the most common clinical diseases.…”