Effect of Cytokinins on in Vitro Regeneration of Cardamine Hirsuta from Nodal Explants

Abstract

An efficient protocol has been established for the regeneration of Cardamine hirsuta. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of types and concentrations of cytokinins on in vitro regeneration of C. hirsuta, an important medicinal and edible plant. Nodal explants of C. hirsuta were cultured in Murashige & Skoog (MS) media containing kinetin or zeatin singly at concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mg /L. MS medium devoid of plant growth regulators served as control. The growth parameter observed including number of shoots, leaves, and roots. 2.0 mg/L zeatin induced the highest number of shoots and leaves. 1.0 mg/L kinetin-treated explants showed the highest formation of roots. From the results obtained, it was learnt that 2.0 mg/L zeatin was a more effective cytokinin compared to kinetin for in vitro regeneration of C. hirsuta as it induced the highest shoot and leaf growth while minimizing root formation. Concentrations of zeatin above optimal level not only caused stunted growth, but also resulted in hyperhydration. In conclusion, in vitro regeneration can serve as an alternative propagation method for C. hirsuta. 