Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Experimental Staphylococcus Infection in the Rat

Sharbaugh, Robert J.; Grogan, James B.

doi:10.1038/224809a0

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The rates of phagocytosis and intracellular killing of L. monocytogenes by macrophages in vitro were shown to be slower than those by PMN in experiments with human cells (Steigbigel et al, 1974;Peterson et al, 1977). The difference in effectiveness of PMN in resistance against L. monocytogenes as observed in their and in our experiments may be due to different functions of cells in different host species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…Many kinds of micro-organism are therefore able to produce severe infections in hosts whose phagocyte functions are depressed artificially by X-irradiation (Kaplan et al, 1952;Gordee & Simpson, 1967), cyclophosphamide (Sharbaugh & Grogan, 1969 ;Tripathy & Mackaness, 1969 ;Buhles & Shifrine, 1977), vinblastine (Tripathy & Mackaness, 1969) or vincristine (Saslaw et al, 1972). Such agents depress PMN, macrophages and lymphocytes, so that one cannot reach any conclusions as to which cells protect against individual microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differing Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Cells and Macrophages to Protection of Mice against Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Tatsukawa

Mitsuyama

Takeya

et al. 1979

Journal of General Microbiology

111

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~~ ~Bacterial growth and lethality of Listeria monocytogenes in mice were augmented by carrageenan-treatment and X-irradiation (8 J kg-l), whereas growth and lethality of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were augmented by X-irradiation but not by carrageenan-treatment. Protection against L. monocytogenes, at least in the early phases, appears to depend mainly on macrophages, since carrageenan depletes macrophages but not polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), whereas protection against P . aeruginosa appears to depend mainly on PMN.Ineffectiveness of PMN in elimination of L. monocytogenes is supported by histological examination and observation of intracellular killing in vitro.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Cells and Macrophages to Protection of Mice against Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Tatsukawa

Mitsuyama

Takeya

et al. 1979

Journal of General Microbiology

111

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“…This time coincided with the time when the frequency of viral regrowth (7/22 as shown in Table 3 [18], and bacterial infections [30,32,38,40].…”

Section: And Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Resistance in the Experimental Enteric Infection of Mice with a Mouse Adenovirus

Hashimoto

Okada

Tajiri

et al. 1973

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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The influence of cyclophosphamide (Cy) on the establishment and duration of the intestinal resistance against enteric infection with a mouse adenovirus, strain K87, was examined in inbred mice, strain DK1. When Cy (40 mg/kg/day) was administered to mice for 17 days from the time of virus challenge, a clear prolongation of viral growth and a delayed appearance of neutralizing (NT) antibody in the intestinal wall as well as in the serum were observed. When Cy (40 mg/kg/day, for 14 days) was administered after cessation of viral growth (4 to 6 weeks after virus challenge) and part of the mice were rechallenged with the virus, titers of NT antibody and immunoglobulins became significantly lower than those in control mice not treated with Cy, and regrowth of the virus was observed in eight out of twenty-five Cy-treated mice, regardless of the presence or absence of rechallenge. In this experiment, antibody titers in the intestinal contents of eight virus-positive mice were significantly lower than those of the remaining seventeen virus-negative mice. The time when the decrease of intestinal NT antibody was maximum coincided with the time of the maximal frequency of viral regrowth. It was discussed that these facts might present an evidence to support the idea that the intestinal resistance was acquired through local NT antibody belonging to-IgA in the intestinal tract.

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“…CY, used as a therapeutic agent for malignancy or immunosuppression, induces a decrease of hematopoietic cells and impaired resistance to gram-negative bacterial infection [2,16]. In the present smdy, we have obtained evidence that CVE-A augments the resistance to E.coli infection in CY-induced neutropenic mice when CVE-A is administered s.c. after CY treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Enhanced resistance againstEscherichia coli infection by subcutaneous administration of the hot-water extract ofChlorella vulgaris in cyclophosphamide-treated mice

Konishi

Tanaka²,

Kumamoto³

et al. 1990

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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The effects of Chlorella vulgaris extract (CVE-A) on the recovery of leukocyte number and the augmentation of resistance to bacterial infection were examined in CDF1 mice made neutropenic by cyclophosphamide (CY). They were treated intraperitoneally with CY (150 mg/kg) on day 0, and were given CVE-A (50 mg/kg) subcutaneously (s.c.) every other day from day 1 to day 13 after CY treatment. CVE-A accelerated the recovery of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in the peripheral blood in CY-treated mice. The number of granulocyte/monocyte-progenitor cells (CFU-GM) in the spleen increased rapidly and highly after the administration of CVE-A in CY-treated mice, in contrast to the absence of change due to CVE-A in the number of bone marrow cells in CY-treated mice. Administration of CVE-A in CY-treated mice enhanced the accumulation of PMN in the inflammatory site and the activity of the accumulated leukocyte cells in luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. The mice became highly susceptible to an intraperitoneal infection with E. coli on day 4 after CY treatment, whereas the mice given CVE-A showed an enhanced resistance against E. coli infection, irrespective of the timing of challenge. The bacterial number in CY-treated mice increased explosively after inoculation, resulting in death within 24 h. A progressive elimination of bacteria was observed from 6 h in the peritoneal cavity, spleen and liver of CY-treated mice given CVE-A s.c. These results indicate that CVE-A can be used as a potent stimulant of nonspecific resistance to infection in neutropenic mice.

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Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Experimental Staphylococcus Infection in the Rat

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Differing Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Cells and Macrophages to Protection of Mice against Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Differing Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Cells and Macrophages to Protection of Mice against Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Intestinal Resistance in the Experimental Enteric Infection of Mice with a Mouse Adenovirus

Enhanced resistance againstEscherichia coli infection by subcutaneous administration of the hot-water extract ofChlorella vulgaris in cyclophosphamide-treated mice

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