Effect of Conventional Adhesive Application or Co-Curing Technique on Dentin Bond Strength

Abstract

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of two different adhesive application methods on shear dentin bond strength (ISO 29022) using three various adhesive systems. A mid-coronal section of 77 intact third human molars with fully developed apices was made to create flat bonding substrates. The materials used in the study were Excite F (Ivoclar Vivadent), Prime&Bond Universal (Dentsply Sirona) and G-Premio Bond (GC). The application of each adhesion system was performed in two different ways. In the first group, the bonding agent was light cured immediately after the application (conventional method), while in the second group the adhesive and composite were cured concurrently (“co-curing” method). A total of 180 specimens were prepared (3 adhesives × 2 method of application × 30 specimens per experimental group), stored at 37 °C in distilled water and fractured in shear mode after 1 week. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Weibull statistics. The highest bond strength was obtained for Prime&Bond conventional (21.7 MPa), whilst the lowest bond strength was observed when co-curing was used (particularly, Excite F 12.2 MPa). The results showed a significant difference between conventional and co-curing methods in all materials. According to reliability analysis, the co-curing method diminished bond reliability. Different application techniques exhibit different bond strengths to dentin.

Effect of dentin surface conditions and curing mode of resin cement on the dentin bond strength for an indirect restoration

“…In the CLSM images of this study, polymerization without a clear boundary between the dentin adhesive and resin cement was observed for the co-curing group, indicating that the dentin adhesive and resin cement were polymerized together. However, several studies have reported reduced bond strength when the dentin adhesive is co-cured with resin cement [7,[20][21][22][23]. In this study, the bond strength between dentin and resin cement was signi cantly lower in co-curing groups than in light-curing groups (p < 0.05).…”

Comparative Assessment of Different Pre-Treatment Bonding Strategies to Improve the Adhesion of Self-Adhesive Composites to Dentin

“…To further simplify the restorative procedure, the co-curing technique was introduced. In this technique, the polymerization of the primer/adhesive and the self-adhesive composite occurs simultaneously [ 23 , 37 , 38 ]. Notably, these groups exhibited three-fold higher bond strength values than the groups where etching was carried out as a stand-alone treatment.…”

“…It features the simultaneous curing of the primer and the flowable composite, which would allow the operator to skip a step, saving time and simplifying the procedure. However, it has shown conflicting results over the years [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In fact, neither the use of a primer by itself nor its co-curing with a self-adhesive composite have been investigated.…”

Shear Bond Strength of resin composite materials to dentin : the effect of the direction of application of the adhesive system : A comparison between maxillary and mandibular teeth

“…Similarly, the occlusal plane of the lower jaw of each phantom head was adjusted parallel to the floor. For all teeth ( maxillary Fares, 2023 and mandibular ) ; the adhesive ( All -Bond Universal -BISCO -USA ), table (1) ; was applied to the flat dentin surfaces with a selfetch adhesion protocol and according to the manufacturers instructions. Then polytetrafluoroethylene molds ( each measuring 3 x 2 mm ) ; were placed onto the adhesive area of the teeth and light curing performed for 20 seconds, using an LED curing device ( Eighteeth -China ) with an intensity 1500 mw / cm2.…”

“…adhesive systems produce appropriate retention ( while conserving the sound tooth structure ) ; appropriate marginal sealing and favorable distribution of forces across the restorationtooth interface ( 1,2 ). Bond strength measurement is one of the most reliable methods for evaluating the adhesives clinical performance ( 2,8 ).…”