Effect of continuous application of manures and fertilizers on productivity of cotton-sorghum rotation

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted from 1985 through 2001 on medium deep vertisol to determine the effect of the continuous application of manure and fertilizers on a two-year cotton-sorghum rotation. The results indicate that the response to N was greatest during the initial years, while after five to six rotation cycles the yield levels declined to the zero level in the N and NK plots. The application of P along with N prevented the decline in seed cotton and sorghum grain yields. The effect was more pronounced at the higher level. K application did not result in any yield increase. Balanced fertilizer at the higher level (N90P19K37) resulted in a significant yield increase over the recommended dose (N60P13K25); however, the percentage increase declined with duration, indicating a decline in factor productivity. Seed cotton yields were the highest when part of the fertilizer N was applied from an organic source (farmyard manure: FYM). Of the eight years, a significant response was observed in four years at the lower level (N30P13K25 + 5 t FYM ha-1) and six years at the higher level (N45P19K37 + 7.5 t FYM ha-1), while in sorghum a response was only observed in two years. The cotton crop should, therefore, be preferred to sorghum for the application of organic manure. In areas where no organic manure is available, N60P13K25 is sufficient for cotton, while sorghum needs to be fertilized at 1.5 times the recommended dose (N90P19K37).

Integrated application of mineral fertilizer with farmyard and poultry manures on the growth and yield of cotton

“…More number of sympodial branches contributes to higher seed cotton production. Application of FYM with chemical fertilizer considerably increased number of branches plant -1 , which may probably increase crop yield (Blaise et al, 2003(Blaise et al, , 2005. Furthermore, it was reported that combined application of PM with synthetic NP fertilizer also increased the number of branches plant -1 (Venugopalan and Tarhalkar, 2003;Joshi et al, 2016).…”

“…Furthermore, it was reported that combined application of PM with synthetic NP fertilizer also increased the number of branches plant -1 (Venugopalan and Tarhalkar, 2003;Joshi et al, 2016). (Blaise et al, 2003(Blaise et al, , 2005Nehra et al, 2006). These results are in concurrence with (Venugopalan and Tarhalkar, 2003), found that integrated nutrient management for cotton crop ensure better boll formation and development, thereby increase seed cotton yield.…”

“…The oil content in the cottonseed ranges between 15-25 % depending upon varieties, after extraction of oil the seed cake is also good source of organic manure, and contains about 6 % N, 3 % P and 2 % potash (K) (Blaise et al, 2003(Blaise et al, , 2005Khan et al, 2010).…”

“…Fresh and composted forms of PM are better than commercial source of nitrogen and can improve the soil moisture content and organic matter, reduce soil losses and improve cotton growth and lint yield (Reddy et al, 2004(Reddy et al, , 2017. Consequently, (Blaise et al, 2003;Ali et al, 2017) reported that organic source of fertilizers resulted high crop yields.…”

Integrated Agronomic Crop Managements to Improve Tef Productivity Under Terminal Drought

“…There should be an alternative approach which reduces heavy reliance on both organic and inorganic fertilizers. Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers increase agricultural productivity, improve soil fertility and decrease environmental pollution (Erkossa & Teklewold, 2009;Mugwe et al, 2007;Wakene et al, 2007;Blaise et al, 2003;Corbeels et al, 2000). However, this approach has not been yet widely tested in arid and semiarid parts of Ethiopia.…”