Effect of Concussion on Inter-joint Coordination During Divided-Attention Gait

Chen, Hao‐Ling; Lu, Tung‐Wu; Chou, Li-Shan

doi:10.1007/s40846-015-0002-2

Cited by 18 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We expected to see a slower dual-task gait speed in the concussed group during initial postinjury testing; however, no group effect was found. This result was in contrast to several previous studies, in which authors have shown slower dual-task gait speed in recently concussed college-aged students and athletes, 10,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25] albeit in agreement with other studies. 23,45,46 Similar to single-task gait, dual-task gait speed increased for both groups but occurred at a greater rate in the concussed group.…”

Section: Gait Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…This finding did not support our hypothesis that single-task gait speed would be slower in the concussed than the control group. Although this result contrasts with the results of several researchers [18][19][20][21][22][23] who reported slower gait speeds in concussed college-aged students and athletes, it is consistent with the reports of other investigators 10,24,[45][46][47] who found no differences between concussed and control individuals. The effect of time and the group 3 time interaction for single-task gait speed suggested gait speed increased over time in the concussed group.…”

Section: Gait Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…3 Investigators 17 have also reported differences between concussed and healthy control participants during walking under conditions of undivided (single-task) and divided (dual-task) attention. Slower gait speeds were found in concussed individuals during acute (up to 10 days) 10,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and more persistent (up to 90 days, 21 .3 months, 26,27 and up to 6 years 2 ) time frames. Assessing gait under these conditions offers insight into subtle aspects of motor impairment (single-task gait, which is predominantly controlled through subcortical locomotor loops with little executive processing in healthy populations 28 ) and executive control (dual-task gait, which requires executive function for simultaneous processing of cognitive and motor demands 29 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Longitudinal Assessment of Balance and Gait After Concussion and Return to Play in Collegiate Athletes

Parrington

Fino

Swanson

et al. 2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context In longitudinal studies tracking recovery after concussion, researchers often have not considered the timing of return to play (RTP) as a factor in their designs, which can limit the understanding of how RTP may affect the analysis and resulting conclusions. Objective To evaluate the recovery of balance and gait in concussed athletes using a novel linear mixed-model design that allows an inflection point to account for changes in trend that may occur after RTP. Design Cohort study. Setting University athletics departments, applied field setting. Patients or Other Participants Twenty-three concussed (5 women, 18 men; age = 20.1 ± 1.3 years) and 25 healthy control (6 women, 19 men; age = 20.9 ± 1.4 years) participants were studied. Participants were referred by their team athletic trainers. Main Outcome Measure(s) Measures consisted of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) total score, sway (instrumented root mean square of mediolateral sway), single-task gait speed, gait speed while simultaneously reading a handheld article (dual-task gait speed), dual-task cost of reading on gait speed, and dual-task cost of walking on reading. Results We observed no significant effects or interactions for the BESS. Instrumented sway was worse in concussed participants, and a change in the recovery trend occurred after RTP. We observed group and time effects and group × time and group × RTP change interactions (P ≤ .046). No initial between-groups differences were found for single-task or dual-task gait. Both groups increased gait speed initially and then leveled off after the average RTP date. We noted time and RTP change effects and positive group × time interactions for both conditions (P ≤ .042) and a group × RTP change interaction for single-task gait speed (P = .005). No significant effects or interactions were present for the dual-task cost of reading on gait speed or the dual-task cost of walking on reading. Conclusions Changes in the rate of recovery were coincident with the timing of RTP. Although we cannot suggest these changes were a result of the athletes returning to play, these findings demonstrate the need for further research to evaluate the effects of RTP on concussion recovery.

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Section: Gait Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Gait Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 71%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Longitudinal Assessment of Balance and Gait After Concussion and Return to Play in Collegiate Athletes

Parrington

Fino

Swanson

et al. 2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Greater variability would also contribute to the load distribution or force on the joint and tissues or suppress the load concentration or force in a small area, thereby leading to the prevention of overuse injuries (Hamill et al 2012). Meanwhile, lower variability might be beneficial in the swing phase to reduce the effort of controlling joints (Chen et al 2015). The SD value of CRPTS in the swing phase changed during level walking (i.e., it particularly increased for the subjects with the knee sleeve, implying a greater variability in the knee for the subjects with the knee brace in the swing phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SD value of CRPTS in the swing phase changed during level walking (i.e., it particularly increased for the subjects with the knee sleeve, implying a greater variability in the knee for the subjects with the knee brace in the swing phase. Therefore, more coordination patterns should be employed to control the limb during the swing phase of gait (Chen et al 2015). This result might be attributed to a tendency to restrict knee motion in the swing PeerJ reviewing PDF | (2016:12:14906:2:0:NEW 20 Apr 2017)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Effects of knee sleeves on coordination of lower-limb segments in healthy adults during level walking and one-leg hopping (v0.1)"

2017

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The evaluation of multisegment coordination is important in gaining a better understanding of the gait and physical activities in humans. Therefore, this study aims to verify whether the use of knee sleeves affects the coordination of lower-limb segments during level walking and one-leg hopping. Eleven healthy male adults participated in this study. They were asked to walk 10 m on a level ground and perform one-leg hops with and without a knee sleeve. The segment angles and the response velocities of the thigh, shank, and foot were measured and calculated by using a motion analysis system. The phases between the segment angle and the velocity were then calculated. Moreover, the continuous relative phase (CRP) was calculated as the phase of the distal segment subtracted from the phase of the proximal segment and denoted as CRPTS (thigh-shank), CRPSF (shank-foot), and CRPTF (thigh-foot). The root mean square (RMS) values were used to evaluate the in-phase or out-of-phase states, while the standard deviation (SD) values were utilized to evaluate the variability in the stance and swing phases during level walking and in the preflight, flight, and landing phases during one-leg hopping. The walking velocity and the flight time improved when the knee sleeve was worn (p < 0.05). The segment angles of the thigh and shank also changed when the knee sleeve was worn during level walking and one-leg hopping. The RMS values of CRPTS and CRPSF in the stance phase and the RMS values of CRPSF in the preflight and landing phases changed (p < 0.05 in all cases). Moreover, the SD values of CRPTS in the landing phase and the SD values of CRPSF in the preflight and landing phases increased (p< 0.05 in all cases). These results indicated that wearing a knee sleeve caused changes in segment kinematics and coordination.

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The variability of dual‐task walking parameters using in‐shoe inertial sensors in nonconcussed individuals: A randomized within‐subject repeated measures design

Mitchell,

Cronin

2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsThere is a need for high utility and portability, and cost‐effective technologies that are suitable for assessing dual‐task gait after experiencing a concussion. Current technologies utilized such as 3D motion capture and force plates are too complex and expensive for most practitioners. The aim of this study was to quantify the variability of dual‐task walking gait parameters using in‐shoe inertial sensors in nonconcussed individuals.MethodsThis was a randomized within‐subject repeated measures design conducted within a sports laboratory. Twenty healthy, uninjured, nonconcussed participants were recruited for this study. Gait variables of interest were measured across three 2‐min continuous walking protocols (12 m, 30 m, 1 min out and back) while performing a cognitive task of counting backward in sevens from a randomly generated number between 300 and 500. Testing was completed over three occasions separated by 7 days, for a total of nine walking trials. Participants completed the testing protocols in a randomized, individual order. The primary outcome was to determine the variability of dual‐task walking gait parameters using in‐shoe inertial sensors in nonconcussed individuals across three protocols.ResultsThree to four participants were allocated to each randomized protocol order. Regarding the absolute consistency (coefficient of variation [CV]) between testing occasions, no gait measure was found to have variability above 6.5%. Relative consistency (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) was acceptable (>0.70) in 95% of the variables of interest, with only three variables < 0.70. Similar variability was found across the three testing protocols.ConclusionIn‐shoe inertial sensors provide a viable option for monitoring gait parameters. This technology is also reliable across different testing distances, thus offering various testing options for practitioners. Further research needs to be conducted to examine the variability with concussed subjects.

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Effect of Concussion on Inter-joint Coordination During Divided-Attention Gait

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Longitudinal Assessment of Balance and Gait After Concussion and Return to Play in Collegiate Athletes

Longitudinal Assessment of Balance and Gait After Concussion and Return to Play in Collegiate Athletes

Peer Review #2 of "Effects of knee sleeves on coordination of lower-limb segments in healthy adults during level walking and one-leg hopping (v0.1)"

The variability of dual‐task walking parameters using in‐shoe inertial sensors in nonconcussed individuals: A randomized within‐subject repeated measures design

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