Effect of Concentration on Sorption of Dissolved Organics by PVC, PTFE, and Stainless Steel Well Casings

Parker, Louise V.; Ranney, Thomas A.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1994.tb00475.x

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition, the sorbed chemical may diffuse through the material and reach the other side of the material. Diffusion of solutes through PTFE seems quicker than through PVC and stainless steel (Parker and Ranney 1994). In addition, different molecules such as CO 2 may accelerate the diffusion of chemicals through the polymers (Berens 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collecting large soil monoliths

Allaire¹,

Bochove²

2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Allaire, S. A. and van Bochove, E. 2006. Collecting large soil monoliths. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 885-896. Large soil monoliths (> 50 kg) are required to study and monitor soil energy and water budget, gas and liquid fluxes, and contaminant transport. This paper reviews the types of studies requiring large soil monoliths, design and material for the casing, and collection methods for vertically forced cylindrical and for block (orthorhombic) monoliths. Methods of extraction are described along with recommendations. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. Vertically pushed cylindrical monoliths are easier to sample, but compared with orthorhombic monoliths that are not pushed into the soil, the pushing process has the disadvantage of modifying certain soil physical properties.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collecting large soil monoliths

Allaire¹,

Bochove²

2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Analyte concentrations in water sampled through 2µm fritted glass membranes have been reported to be within 10% of solution concentrations . PTFE and PVC sampling materials sorb organic compounds, including nitroaromatic chemicals (Parker et al, 1990, Parker andRanney, 1994). No detectable losses of organic compounds have been observed on stainless steel material.…”

Section: Porous Membrane Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multiphase extraction sampling of explosives in unsaturated soils

Padilla

Santiago

2006

SPIE Proceedings

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Detection of Explosive Related Chemicals (ERCs) emanating from landmines is strongly influenced by fate and transport processes in variably saturated soils, which are affected by many environmental factors. To study the fate and transport behavior of ERCs in soils, it is necessary to conduct experiments is physical models designed for this purpose. Sampling and analysis of the chemicals in soil water and air is one of the most important components of this design.In this project, air and water sampling devices and methods for sampling TNT and DNT in a tropical sandy soil were studied. Different stainless steel porous samplers were evaluated to determine sampling volumes and efficiencies. Results show that they can be used with proper extraction vacuum and pore size depending on soil water content. The stainless steel porous samplers show no or little effect of the sampling efficiencies of TNT and DNT.

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“…It is also known that the material from which the sampled well is constructed can affect concentrations of VOCs in ground water. For example, PVC has been shown to sorb chlorinated and nitroaromatic organic compounds (Parker et al, 1990;Parker and Ranney, 1994). The use of PVC primer and PVC adhesives to join sections of well casing and screen also have been shown to leach VOCs to water (Sosebee et al, 1983). In summary, having adequate information to answer complex, as well as simple, VOC occurrence questions is important to sound management of the ground-water resources of the U.S.…”

Section: Purpose and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

ENHANCEMENTS OF NONPOINT SOURCE MONITORING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN GROUND WATER¹

Lapham¹,

Moran²,

Zogorski

2000

J American Water Resour Assoc

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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has compiled a national retrospective data set of analyses of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ground water of the United States. The data are from Federal, State, and local nonpoint‐source monitoring programs, collected between 1985–95. This data set is being used to augment data collected by the USGS National Water‐Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program to ascertain the occurrence of VOCs in ground water nationwide. Eleven attributes of the retrospective data set were evaluated to determine the suitability of the data to augment NAWQA data in answering occurrence questions of varying complexity. These 11 attributes are the VOC analyte list and the associated reporting levels for each VOC, well type, well‐casing material, type of openings in the interval (screened interval or open hole), well depth, depth to the top and bottom of the open interval(s), depth to water level in the well, aquifer type (confined or unconfined), and aquifer lithology. VOCs frequently analyzed included solvents, industrial reagents, and refrigerants, but other VOCs of current interest were not frequently analyzed. About 70 percent of the sampled wells have the type of well documented in the data set, and about 74 percent have well depth documented. However, the data set generally lacks documentation of other characteristics, such as well‐casing material, information about the screened or open interval(s), depth to water level in the well, and aquifer type and lithology. For example, only about 20 percent of the wells include information on depth to water level in the well and only about 14 percent of the wells include information about aquifer type. The three most important enhancements to VOC data collected in nonpoint‐source monitoring programs for use in a national assessment of VOC occurrence in ground water would be an expanded VOC analyte list, recording the reporting level for each analyte for every analysis, and recording key ancillary information about each well. These enhancements would greatly increase the usefulness of VOC data in addressing complex occurrence questions, such as those that seek to explain the reasons for VOC occurrence and nonoccurrence in ground water of the United States.

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Effect of Concentration on Sorption of Dissolved Organics by PVC, PTFE, and Stainless Steel Well Casings

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Collecting large soil monoliths

Collecting large soil monoliths

Multiphase extraction sampling of explosives in unsaturated soils

ENHANCEMENTS OF NONPOINT SOURCE MONITORING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN GROUND WATER¹

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Effect of Concentration on Sorption of Dissolved Organics by PVC, PTFE, and Stainless Steel Well Casings

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Collecting large soil monoliths

Collecting large soil monoliths

Multiphase extraction sampling of explosives in unsaturated soils

ENHANCEMENTS OF NONPOINT SOURCE MONITORING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN GROUND WATER1

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Product

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ENHANCEMENTS OF NONPOINT SOURCE MONITORING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN GROUND WATER¹