“…Purified or raw BNNTs are then usually functionalized to enable processing into thin films or composite materials. This may be achieved by a variety of processes including ultrasonic agitation in water, 19 alcohol, 20 or ammonia; 21 autoclave processing in peroxides 22−24 or steam; 25 direct functionalization with alkoxy groups, 22 isocyanates, 26,27 amines, 28 bromohexane, 29 grafted polyamides, 8 strong acids, 30,31 and silane coupling agents; 23,29,30,32 bead-32 or ball-milling; 28,33,34 plasma treatment; 35 and simple thermal exposure. 36 In contrast to the functionalization methods described, the potential to combine ultrasonics and an aqueous-based advanced oxidation process 37−40 (AOP) offers good potential in scalability, reduced environmental impact, and an aqueous dispersion immediately suitable for processing, without the requirement to remove solvents, polymers, acids, or other undesirable chemicals.…”