Effect of Compatibilizer on Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Behaviour of Coconut Fiber Filled Polypropylene Composite

Sabri, M.; Mukhtar, Aamir; Shahril, K.; Rohana, A. Siti; Husseinsyah, Salmah

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.795.313

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With the increase of environmental awareness, more and more attention has been paid to the topic of how to utilize those coconut residues effectively for value-added and environmentally friendly products. The coconut residues are, by their very nature,a lignocellulosic material with renewable, biodegradable andbiocompatible characteristics, and should be an ideal raw material resource for natural fibers [ 1 , 2 ]. As early as in 1982, Satyanarayana et al examined the properties of rachis, rachilla, spathe, leaf sheath and petiole bark of coconut palm tree ( Cocosnucifera , linn.…”

Section: Instructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils from Coconut Palm Petioles by Different Mechanical Process

Zhu

Xing

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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In this study, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were successfully isolated from coconut palm petiole residues falling off naturally with chemical pretreatments and mechanical treatments by a grinder and a homogenizor. FTIR spectra analysis showed that most of hemicellulose and lignin were removed from the fiber after chemical pretreatments. The compositions of CNFS indicated that high purity of nanofibrils with cellulose contain more than 95% was obtained. X-ray diffractogram demonstrated that chemical pretreatments significantly increased the crystallinity of CNFs from 38.00% to 70.36%; however, 10-15 times of grinding operation followed by homogenizing treatment after the chemical pretreatments did not significantly improve the crystallinity of CNFs. On the contrary, further grinding operation could destroy crystalline regions of the cellulose. SEM image indicated that high quality of CNFs could be isolated from coconut palm petiole residues with chemical treatments in combination of 15 times of grinding followed by 10 times of homogenization and the aspect ratio of the obtained CNFs ranged from 320 to 640. The result of TGA-DTG revealed that the chemical-mechanical treatments improved thermal stability of fiber samples, and the CNFs with 15 grinding passing times had the best thermal stability. This work suggests that the CNFs can be successfully extracted from coconut palm petiole residues and it may be a potential feedstock for nanofiber reinforced composites due to its high aspect ratio and crystallinity.

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Section: Instructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils from Coconut Palm Petioles by Different Mechanical Process

Zhu

Xing

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…However, there was an increase in %elongation at yield by 13% and 17% for PBSA/PBAT/WSP/Talc/C and PBSA/PBAT/WSP/Starch/Talc/C composites compared with their respective uncompatibilized formulations. The decrease in %elongation at break when a compatibilizer was incorporated can be attributed to the interaction between compatibilizer, matrix, and fillers, as fillers could experience further hardening, thereby decreasing their ductility at a faster rate than uncompatibilized samples 53 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in %elongation at break when a compatibilizer was incorporated can be attributed to the interaction between compatibilizer, matrix, and fillers, as fillers could experience further hardening, thereby decreasing their ductility at a faster rate than uncompatibilized samples. 53 Typically, impact strength was decreased with the addition of natural fillers in the case with the individual addition of 25 wt% WSP, starch or talc compared with PBSA/PBAT. The decrease in impact strength for talc composite was relatively insignificant at 17% as shown in Figure 2d.…”

Section: Experimental Mechanical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Injection molding of biodegradable polyester blends filled with mineral and sustainable fillers: Performance evaluation

McNeill,

Pal,

Mohanty

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This research focuses on the melt processing of biocomposites from a biodegradable polymer blend mixed with hybrid fillers through injection molding technique. An optimized blend ratio (60/40 wt%) poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene adipate) (PBSA) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) demonstrated promising results after blending with a mixture of walnut shell powder (WSP), corn starch and talc in various proportions for use in rigid packaging. The addition of hybrid fillers (i) 10% WSP with 15% talc and (ii) 5% WSP with 5% starch and 15% talc to the polymer blend (60%PBSA/40%PBAT) improved tensile modulus (160% and 162%, respectively) and flexural modulus (147% and 153%, respectively) because of the dispersion of stiffer talc and WSP. Following the addition of fillers, tensile strength of the composites decreased. However, flexural strength improved significantly after filler introduction because of better stress transfer ability. Rheological analysis of filled composites with starch or WSP (25%) depicted similar characteristics of the polymer blend, indicating lower viscosity than hybrid composites. The abundant hydroxyl groups in starch explained the increased water absorption and decreased contact angle compared with other composites. This research's novelty encompasses utilizing low‐cost biomasses with mineral filler into an under‐researched biodegradable polymer blend suitable for single‐use rigid packaging applications.

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“…In the case of PP it is the maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP), which is often used for natural filler-containing composites based on PP matrix. MAPP has been successfully used to improve the mechanical properties of polymer composites with PP matrix and various natural fillers, including jute [20], bamboo [21], wood [22], coconut fiber [23], banana fiber [24], and hemp [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of coupling agent on the mechanical properties of injection molded polypropylene/wheat straw composites

Lendvai

Patnaik

2022

Acta Tech. Jaurinensis

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The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as coupling agent in polypropylene (PP)-based composites filled with ground wheat straw (WS) particles. The WS and the MAPP content in the composites was 10 wt% and 2 wt%, respectively. The samples were fabricated through melt compounding using a twin-screw extruder and then formed into dumbbell-shaped specimens by injection molding. The mechanical properties of neat PP and the composites with and without coupling were evaluated based on tensile and flexural tests and dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA). The experimental results showed that incorporating WS into the PP reduces its tensile strength by ~3 MPa, while improving its Young’s modulus by 0.14 GPa. The addition of MAPP compensated for the loss in tensile strength without affecting the modulus. Similar observations were made during the flexural tests as well, in which case, however, there was no loss revealed in the strength in the presence of WS due to the different types of load. The results of DMA analyses indicated an improved stiffness of WS-containing samples throughout the whole analyzed temperature range of 20-120 °C as a consequence of reduced chain mobility of PP caused by the stiff straw particles.

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Effect of Compatibilizer on Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Behaviour of Coconut Fiber Filled Polypropylene Composite

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Isolation and Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils from Coconut Palm Petioles by Different Mechanical Process

Isolation and Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils from Coconut Palm Petioles by Different Mechanical Process

Injection molding of biodegradable polyester blends filled with mineral and sustainable fillers: Performance evaluation

The effect of coupling agent on the mechanical properties of injection molded polypropylene/wheat straw composites

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