Effect of combinations of antimony trioxide with nontoxic flame retardants on the flame resistance and properties of vulcanized rubber based on general-purpose rubbers

Abstract

The possibility of partial replacement of antimony trioxide by nontoxic fl ame retardants (Cloisite 15A organoclay, microquartz, Cloisite 15A + microquartz and aluminum hydroxide + barium borate combinations) was examined for vulcanized rubber based on general-purpose isoprene (SKI-3) and butadiene (SKD) rubbers. The rheometric, physicomechanical, and thermal properties and the fl ame resistance of vulcanized rubber samples containing various fl ame retardants were studied. Combination of antimony trioxide with Cloisite 15A shows high performance as fl ame retardant owing to intercalation of rubber macromolecules into the interlayer space of the layered silicate, which is the base component of Cloisite 15A. The intercalation leads to a decrease in the diffusion of the degradation products and to deceleration of the rubber combustion. Combination of antimony trioxide with the aluminum hydroxide + barium borate system also shows high performance as fl ame retardant owing to successive endothermic processes of decomposition of the formulation components.

Epoxy Compositions Modified with Ammonium Polyphosphate and Boric Acid

“…It is known [2] that the fire retardant properties of a fire retardant depend on their thermal stability and reactions of their transformation that occur with heat absorption. Therefore, in order to find the most effective fire-retardant systems, the features of the behavior of fire retardants and their combinations when exposed to high temperatures have been studied [3][4][5]. As a result of testing samples by the UL-94 method, it can be concluded that the unmodified sample performed the worst.…”

Effect of MgO•Sb₂O₅on Fire Resistance and Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cable PVC-Plasticate

“…In addition, antimony trioxide is a toxic substance (hazard class 2) [8]. Therefore, it is relevant to completely or partially replace antimony trioxide in fire-resistant polymeric materials with a less harmless and safe compound of mineral origin [9]. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to find an effective additive to replace antimony trioxide in the formulation of PVC cable plastic compound, while retaining the main fire-resistant, thermal, and physical-mechanical characteristics of the cable compound.…”