A complex stabilizer based on a mixture of calcium and zinc stearates was developed, which was used to replace the tribasic lead sulphate in the formulation of cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate. The influence of a complex stabilizer on the basic physical and mechanical properties of cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate is investigated. It was found that the use of a complex stabilizer in the formulation of cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate does not lead to a decrease in the thermal, technological and operational characteristics of the material. It is shown that the thermal properties of the cable compound containing a complex stabilizer remains at the level of the original plastic. This is due to the ability of the complex stabilizer to effectively bind hydrogen chloride released during the destruction of the polymer matrix. It is established that the cable polyvinyl chloride plasticate containing in the formulation of a complex stabilizer in its mechanical characteristics is not inferior to the industrial compound, and in some respects surpasses it.
A directed synthesis of zinc borate was carried out in order to obtain a product with a specific chemical composition and specified characteristics, which was used as a flame retardant for the polymer. It was found that the introduction of the obtained zinc borate into high-density polyethylene leads to a significant increase in the fire resistance of the starting polymer. It is shown that the deformation-strength properties of high-density polyethylene do not deteriorate with the introduction of zinc borate, but remain at the level of the original polymer.
An examination was made of the possibility of increasing the resistance of polyolefins to the harmful effect of heat and UV light with the aid of lowmolecular-weight azomethines based on melamine and 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzaldehyde. The main mechanisms of inhibition of thermooxidative degradation of polymers by multifunctional antioxidants of the azomethinephenylmelamine compound type have been demonstrated.
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a thermoplastic polymer that, owing to its valuable physicochemical properties, is widely used in the motor industry, in electronics, and in electrical engineering (refs. 1 and 2). However, in a number of cases, because of the relatively low thermal stability of PBT, the combination of physicochemical properties built into its structure is partially lost during processing from the melt (ref. 3). In view of this, investigations were carried out to improve the resistance of PBT to heat and oxygen and to lengthen its service life.
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