Effect of Cold Weather on Motor Vehicle Emissions and Fuel Economy

Ostrouchov, Nicolas

doi:10.4271/780084

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The above results agree with those of other studies [28], [29], [30], [31], [14]. It was reported that an ICE vehicle consumed 20% more fuel over the UDDS cycle at ambient temperature of −7 • C than at 20 • C [28].…”

Section: B Influence Of Season and Temperature On Fuel Economysupporting

confidence: 92%

Vehicle Energy Dataset (VED), A Large-scale Dataset for Vehicle Energy Consumption Research

LeBlanc

Peng

2019

Preprint

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We present Vehicle Energy Dataset (VED), a novel large-scale dataset of fuel and energy data collected from 383 personal cars in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. This open dataset captures GPS trajectories of vehicles along with their timeseries data of fuel, energy, speed, and auxiliary power usage. A diverse fleet consisting of 264 gasoline vehicles, 92 HEVs, and 27 PHEV/EVs drove in real-world from Nov, 2017 to Nov, 2018, where the data were collected through onboard OBD-II loggers. Driving scenarios range from highways to traffic-dense downtown area in various driving conditions and seasons. In total, VED accumulates approximately 374,000 miles. We discuss participant privacy protection and develop a method to de-identify personally identifiable information while preserving the quality of the data. After the de-identification, we conducted case studies on the dataset to investigate the impacts of factors known to affect fuel economy and identify energy-saving opportunities that hybridelectric vehicles and eco-driving techniques can provide. The case studies are supplemented with a number of examples to demonstrate how VED can be utilized for vehicle energy and behavior studies. Potential research opportunities include datadriven vehicle energy consumption modeling, driver behavior modeling, machine and deep learning, calibration of traffic simulators, optimal route choice modeling, prediction of human driver behaviors, and decision making of self-driving cars. We believe that VED can be an instrumental asset to the development of future automotive technologies. The dataset can be accessed at https://github.com/gsoh/VED.

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Section: B Influence Of Season and Temperature On Fuel Economysupporting

confidence: 92%

Vehicle Energy Dataset (VED), A Large-scale Dataset for Vehicle Energy Consumption Research

LeBlanc

Peng

2019

Preprint

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“…A number of studies have demonstrated large negative impacts on fuel consumption and emissions due to colder ambient temperatures. Fuel enrichment and spark timing adjustments for catalyst light-off strategies, high rates of heat transfer, and non-linear viscosity of engine lubricants combine to negatively affect powertrain and drive cycle efficiency in cooler ambient conditions [1][2][3][4][5][6] . These effects are also present in hybrid powertrains and may be magnified due to the powertrain operating at lower than optimal temperatures [7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Real-World Energy Impacts of a Thermally Sensitive Powertrain Considering Viscous Losses and Enrichment

Jehlik

Wood

Gonder

et al. 2015

SAE Int. J. Mater. Manf.

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It is widely understood that cold ambient temperatures increase vehicle fuel consumption due to heat transfer losses, increased friction (increased viscosity lubricants), and enrichment strategies (accelerated catalyst heating). However, relatively little effort has been dedicated to thoroughly quantifying these impacts across a large set of real world drive cycle data and ambient conditions. This work leverages experimental dynamometer vehicle data collected under various drive cycles and ambient conditions to develop a simplified modeling framework for quantifying thermal effects on vehicle energy consumption. These models are applied over a wide array of real-world usage profiles and typical meteorological data to develop estimates of in-use fuel economy. The paper concludes with a discussion of how this integrated testing/modeling approach may be applied to quantify real-world, off-cycle fuel economy benefits of various technologies.

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“…A number of studies have demonstrated negative impacts on fuel economy under real-world cold ambient temperatures. Variations in heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) efficiencies, fuel enrichment and spark timing adjustments for catalyst light-off strategies, high rates of heat transfer, and non-linear viscosity of engine lubricants combine to negatively affect powertrain and drive cycle efficiency in cooler ambient conditions [3,4,5,6,7,8] . Additionally, regional drive cycle variability plays a large role in overall vehicle efficiency [9] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Off-cycle Fuel Economy Benefits of 2-Layer HVAC Technology

Jehlik

Chevers

Moniot

et al. 2018

SAE Technical Paper Series

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his work presents a methodology to determine the off-cycle fuel economy benefit of a 2-Layer HVAC system which reduces ventilation and heat rejection losses of the heater core versus a vehicle using a standard system. Experimental dynamometer tests using EPA drive cycles over a broad range of ambient temperatures were conducted on a highly instrumented 2016 Lexus RX350 (3.5L, 8 speed automatic). These tests were conducted to measure differences in engine efficiency caused by changes in engine warmup due to the 2-Layer HVAC technology in use versus the technology being disabled (disabled equals fresh air-considered as the standard technology baseline). These experimental datasets were used to develop simplified response surface and lumped capacitance vehicle thermal models predictive of vehicle efficiency as a function of thermal state. These vehicle models were integrated into a database of measured on road testing and coupled with U.S. typical meteorological data to simulate vehicle efficiency across seasonal thermal and operational conditions for hundreds of thousands of drive cycles. Fuel economy benefits utilizing the 2-Layer HVAC technology are presented in addition to goodness of fit statistics of the modeling approach relative to the experimental test data. FIGURE 1 2-Layer air flows © SAE International FIGURE 2 2016 Lexus RX350 test vehicle on APRF dynamometer for testing.

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Effect of Cold Weather on Motor Vehicle Emissions and Fuel Economy

Cited by 24 publications

References 2 publications

Vehicle Energy Dataset (VED), A Large-scale Dataset for Vehicle Energy Consumption Research

Vehicle Energy Dataset (VED), A Large-scale Dataset for Vehicle Energy Consumption Research

Simulated Real-World Energy Impacts of a Thermally Sensitive Powertrain Considering Viscous Losses and Enrichment

Determining Off-cycle Fuel Economy Benefits of 2-Layer HVAC Technology

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