Effect of cold compress application on tissue temperature in healthy dogs

Millard, Ralph P.; Millard, Heather A. Towle; Rankin, David C.; Roush, James K.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.74.3.443

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The authors suggested that although the deeper tissues were not in direct contact with the cooling apparatus, the tissue temperature decreased by transfer of heat from the deep to the superficial layers, ultimately requiring longer contact time for sufficient cooling. 11 Clinically this study supplies evidence that a treatment time of 10 to 20 minutes would seem optimal for tissue cooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…10 The majority of protocols for cryotherapy in veterinary patients have been adapted from human studies and have historically been used for postoperative treatment and acute musculoskeletal injuries. 11 Little is known about the optimal technique, magnitude and depth of cooling, duration of application for specific injuries or locations on the body and duration of tissue cooling in dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Cryotherapy on Temperature Change in Caudal Thigh Muscles of Dogs

Janas

Millis

Levine

et al. 2021

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective The aim of the study reported here was to determine the effect of cryotherapy on the caudal thigh muscles of dogs. We hypothesized that temperature changes would be greatest in superficial tissues and decrease with tissue depth. Study Design Eight mixed-breed dogs (mean weight 21.2 kg, mean age 3.3 years) were studied. Temperature was measured at the skin surface and at depths of 1.0 and 3.0 cm below the skin using needle thermistor probes that were inserted beneath the site of cold pack application. Treatment consisted of a standard 1.0°C cold pack applied for 20 minutes. Temperature was recorded every minute for the 20 minute cold pack treatment, and for 80 minutes following treatment. Results Cutaneous temperatures significantly decreased (p < 0.01), with rapid rewarming of the skin following cold pack removal. Tissue cooling was less profound with increasing tissue depths, but was still significant (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in muscle temperature between haired and clipped limbs. Conclusion A single application of a cold pack to the caudal thigh muscles of dogs for 20 minutes resulted in significant temperature reduction at all tissue depths (p < 0.05). This decrease persisted for ∼60 minutes. The presence of hair did not have a significant effect on muscle cooling (p > 0.05).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cryotherapy on Temperature Change in Caudal Thigh Muscles of Dogs

Janas

Millis

Levine

et al. 2021

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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“…The primary contact layer was a non-adhesive pad over the surgical incision 10 . Rolled cotton 11 and gauze 12 formed the secondary layer. Self-adhesive tape 13 formed the outer layer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinically, cryotherapy is routinely used, with or without compression, after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) surgery. Cryotherapy applied over the stifle joint reduces intra-articular temperature and cryotherapy over epaxial muscles decreases muscle temperature (11,12). Optimal treatment time appears to range from 10 to 20 min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryotherapy Improves Limb Use But Delays Normothermia Early After Stifle Joint Surgery in Dogs

et al. 2020

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Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of cold compression therapy (CCT) relative to a soft padded bandage (SPB) in dogs undergoing surgery to manage cranial cruciate ligament injury. Methods: Dogs were randomized into groups that received CCT or SPB after surgery. Weight bearing was measured using a weight distribution platform before and the day after surgery. Stifle joint flexion and extension were measured using a goniometer before and the day after surgery. Rectal temperatures were measured every 15 min for 2 h after surgery and the morning after surgery. Mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT) were measured using an algometer the day after surgery. Findings in both groups were compared using a mixed model ANOVA. Results: 20 dogs were enrolled: 10 in the CCT and 10 in the SPB group. Dogs undergoing CCT had more stifle joint flexion (P = 0.008) and weight bearing (P < 0.001) after surgery than dogs with SPB. MNT after surgery correlated statistically with stifle joint flexion after surgery (r = −0.315, P = 0.014), extension after surgery (r = 0.310, P = 0.016), and weight bearing after surgery (r = 0.314, P = 0.003). Return to normothermia was delayed in the CCT group, with temperatures ∼0.5 • C (1.0 • F) lower 105 (P = 0.018) and 120 min (P = 0.013) after surgery. Conclusion: Relative to bandaging, CCT had a positive short-term impact on stifle flexion and weight bearing. CCT delayed warming after surgery but dogs were only mildly hypothermic [0.5 • C [1.0 • F]].

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“…O frio também diminui a circulação sanguínea por aumentar a viscosidade e a vasoconstrição, assim como diminui a velocidade de condução nervosa. A diminuição do metabolismo tecidual ajuda a proteger o tecido e a área circundante das reações enzimáticas associadas à lesão e inflamação subsequente, assim como a reduzir a liberação de histamina (MILLARD et al, 2013b;HANKS et al, 2015). Millard et al (2013b) afirmam que, apesar de não haver na literatura científica a definição da frequência ótima e duração do tratamento, o consenso geral é de que repetidas aplicações de compressa fria de 10 a 30 minutos são efetivas em melhorar os resultados clínicos em humanos.…”

Section: Revisão De Literatura Termoterapiaunclassified

Termoterapia Em Cães

Albuquerque¹,

Aguiar²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

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RESUMOA termoterapia é uma modalidade terapêutica que emprega diferentes métodos que utilizam o frio e/ou o calor para o tratamento de doenças ou traumas. Apesar de ser bastante difundida na Medicina Veterinária, é possível constatar que muitos protocolos de tratamento são empíricos ou extrapolados de resultados de pesquisas em humanos. Poucos estudos sobre as respostas às diferentes modalidades de termoterapia foram conduzidos em cães. A aplicação do frio ou crioterapia é indicada para reduzir os sinais da inflamação aguda. A utilização do calor é um dos procedimentos terapêuticos mais antigos, sendo uma terapia adjuvante na analgesia e no aumento de oxigenação tecidual local e da extensibilidade do tecido conjuntivo. Agentes de aquecimento superficial podem penetrar até 2cm de profundidade, enquanto que o calor profundo até 5cm. O calor superficial pode ser aplicado através de compressas ou bolsas quentes, água morna e cobertores ou colchões aquecidos. Já o calor profundo vem sendo utilizado através da aplicação do ultrassom terapêutico. Um dos objetivos mais importantes de qualquer programa de reabilitação é alcançar uma completa amplitude de movimento. Técnicas de mobilização para tentar melhorar a condição muscular e a movimentação articular podem ser utilizadas, porém, está indicado o aquecimento prévio dos tecidos envolvidos. A termografia de infravermelho é um recurso de diagnóstico por imagem emergente indicada para aferir as variações térmicas de superfícies, podendo ser utilizada no monitoramento do aquecimento ou resfriamento superficial relacionados à utilização das modalidades de termoterapia.

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Effect of cold compress application on tissue temperature in healthy dogs

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of Cryotherapy on Temperature Change in Caudal Thigh Muscles of Dogs

Effects of Cryotherapy on Temperature Change in Caudal Thigh Muscles of Dogs

Cryotherapy Improves Limb Use But Delays Normothermia Early After Stifle Joint Surgery in Dogs

Termoterapia Em Cães

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